Risk factor analysis of equine strongyle resistance to anthelmintics

Sallé, Guillaume; Cortet, Jacques; Bois, Isoline; Dubès, Chloé; Guyot-Sionest, Quitterie; Larrieu, Caroline; Landrin, V.; Majorel, G.; Wittreck, Sonia; Woringer, Emmanuel; Couroucé-Malblanc, Anne; Guillot, Jacques; Jacquiet, Philippe; Guégnard, Fabrice; Blanchard, Alexandra; Leblond, Agnès

doi:10.1101/158105

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Worldwide reports of anthelmintic drug failures against nematodes of veterinary importance have accumulated 3 , threatening the sustainability of livestock farming in some areas. The same pattern applies in horses whereby widespread benzimidazole failure and intermediate pyrantel efficacy against cyathostomin populations have been reported [4][5][6] . These small strongyles locate in their host hindgut and are responsible for growth retardation in young animals 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Factors contributing most to the selection of drug-resistant cyathostomin populations in equids remain uncertain 4,5 . However, significant and heritable inter-individual variation in resistance to strongylid infection has been reported in both domestic 11,12 and wild horse populations 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current targeted-selective treatment schemes are based on faecal egg count (FEC) that has suboptimal sensitivity and remains time-consuming despite recent advances that should ease egg detection 19 . As a result, its uptake in the field varies widely across countries and remains limited 5,20 despite being cost-effective 21,22 . To date, limited alternative biomarkers have been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrative biology defines novel biomarkers of resistance to strongylid infection in horses

Sallé

Canlet

Cortet

et al. 2021

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The widespread failure of anthelmintic drugs against nematodes of veterinary interest requires novel control strategies. Selective treatment of the most susceptible individuals could reduce drug selection pressure but requires appropriate biomarkers of the intrinsic susceptibility potential. To date, this has been missing in livestock species. Here, we selected Welsh ponies with divergent intrinsic susceptibility to cyathostomin infection and found that their potential was sustained across a 10-year time window. Using this unique set of individuals, we monitored variations in their blood cell populations, plasma metabolites and faecal microbiota over a grazing season to isolate core differences between their respective responses under worm-free or natural infection conditions. Our analyses identified the concomitant rise in plasmatic phenylalanine level and faecal Prevotella abundance and the reduction in circulating monocyte counts as biomarkers of the need for drug treatment. This biological signal was replicated in other independent populations. We also unravelled an immunometabolic network encompassing plasmatic beta-hydroxybutyrate level, short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria and circulating neutrophils that forms the discriminant baseline between susceptible and resistant individuals. Altogether our observations open new perspectives on the susceptibility of equids to cyathostomin infection and leave scope for both new biomarkers of infection and nutritional intervention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrative biology defines novel biomarkers of resistance to strongylid infection in horses

Sallé

Canlet

Cortet

et al. 2021

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“…33 Low shedding horses tend to shed consistently low number of cyathostomin eggs over time 34,35 and TST has been shown to reduce the need for anthelmintics and reduce the costs associated with parasite control. [36][37][38] A risk factor analysis based on FECRT data from 688 horses on 39 French horse farms and riding schools indicated that FEC-based treatment regimens combined with individual anthelmintic dosage and the enforcement of tighter biosecurity around horse introduction resulted in a significant reduction in risk of drug resistance (relative risk of 0.57). 39 Modelling studies (which assumed little or no resistance at the outset) highlight a number of environmental and treatment factors that significantly impact the speed of development of resistance in relation to TST approaches:…”

Section: Does Targeted Selective Treatment Slow the Spread Of Anthelm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

BEVA primary care clinical guidelines: Equine parasite control

Rendle,

Hughes,

Bowen

et al. 2024

Equine Veterinary Journal

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BackgroundThere is a lack of consensus on how best to balance our need to minimise the risk of parasite‐associated disease in the individual horse, with the need to limit the use of anthelmintics in the population to preserve their efficacy through delaying further development of resistance.ObjectivesTo develop evidence‐based guidelines utilising a modified GRADE framework.MethodsA panel of veterinary scientists with relevant expertise and experience was convened. Relevant research questions were identified and developed with associated search terms being defined. Evidence in the veterinary literature was evaluated using the GRADE evidence‐to‐decision framework. Literature searches were performed utilising CAB abstracts and PubMed. Where there was insufficient evidence to answer the research question the panel developed practical guidance based on their collective knowledge and experience.ResultsSearch results are presented, and recommendation or practical guidance were made in response to 37 clinically relevant questions relating to the use of anthelmintics in horses.Main limitationsThere was insufficient evidence to answer many of the questions with any degree of certainty and practical guidance frequently had to be based upon extrapolation of relevant information and the panel members' collective experience and opinions.ConclusionsEquine parasite control practices and current recommendations have a weak evidence base. These guidelines highlight changes in equine parasite control that should be considered to reduce the threat of parasite‐associated disease and delay the development of further anthelmintic resistance.

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“…This shift in species importance was derived from independent scattered pieces of evidence in the field (Love and Duncan, 1991). It was also associated with the development of drug resistant cyathostomin populations across the world (Fischer et al, 2015; Nielsen et al, 2018; Sallé et al, 2017; Tzelos et al, 2017). Independent evidence of ivermectin resistant Parascaris spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compilation of 29-yearpostmortemexaminations identifies major shifts in equine parasite prevalence from 2000 onwards

Sallé

Guillot

Tapprest

et al. 2019

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0Horses are infected by a wide range of parasite species that form complex communities. 1Parasite control imposes significant constraints on parasite species assemblage whose 2 2 monitoring remains however difficult to track through time. Postmortem examination is a 2 3 reliable method to quantify parasite communities. Here, we compiled 1,673 necropsy reports 2 4 accumulated over 29 years, in the reference necropsy centre from Normandy (France). The 2 5 burden of non-strongylid species was quantified. Details of horse deworming history and the 2 6 cause of death (resulting from a parasitic infection or not) were registered. Data analyses 2 7 revealed the seasonal fluctuations of non-strongylid parasite species and the least exposure 2 8of race horses to these parasites. Beyond these observations, we found a shift in the species 2 9 responsible for fatal parasitic infection from the year 2000 onward, whereby fatal 3 0 cyathostominosis and Parascaris spp. infection have replaced death cases caused by S. 3 1 vulgaris and tapeworms. Concomitant break in the temporal trend of parasite species 3 2prevalence was also found within a 10-year window (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)) that has seen the rise of 3 3Parascaris spp. and the decline of both Gasterophilus spp. and tapeworms. A few cases of 3 4 parasite persistence following deworming were identified that all occurred after 2000.3 5Altogether, these findings provide a unique assessment of the major remodelling of equine 3 6 parasitic communities over the last 29 years. They also underscore the critical importance of 3 7Parascaris spp. in young equids.3 8 3 9

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Risk factor analysis of equine strongyle resistance to anthelmintics

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Integrative biology defines novel biomarkers of resistance to strongylid infection in horses

Integrative biology defines novel biomarkers of resistance to strongylid infection in horses

BEVA primary care clinical guidelines: Equine parasite control

Compilation of 29-yearpostmortemexaminations identifies major shifts in equine parasite prevalence from 2000 onwards

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