Cogeneration systems economic dispatch (CSED) provides an optimal scheduling of heat /power generating units. The CSED aims to minimize the whole fuel cost (WFC) of the cogeneration units taking into consideration their technical and operational limits. Then, the current paper examines the first implementation of dominant bio-inspired metaheuristic called heap-based optimization algorithm (HBOA). The HBOA is powered by an adaptive penalty functions for getting the optimal operating points. The HBOA is inspired from the organization hierarchy, where the mechanism consists of the interaction among the subordinates and their immediate boss, the interaction among the colleagues, and the employee's selfcontribution. Based on the infeasible solutions' remoteness from the nearest feasible point, HBOA penalizes them with various degrees. Four case studies of the CSED are implemented and analyzed, which comprise of 4, 24, 84 and 96 generating units. The HBOA is proposed to solve CSED problem with consideration of transmission losses and the valve point impacts. An investigation with the recent optimization algorithms, which are supply demand optimization (SDO), jellyfish search optimization algorithm (JFSOA), and marine predators' optimization algorithm (MPOA), the improved MPOA (IMPOA) and manta ray foraging (MRF), is developed and elaborated. From the obtained results, it is clearly observed that the optimal solutions gained, in terms of WFC, reveal the feasibility, capability, and efficiency of HBOA compared with other optimizers especially for large-scale systems. case
INDEX TERMSCogeneration systems economic dispatch, fuel cost minimization, heap based optimization algorithm, distribution reconfiguration, valve point impacts, transmission losses. Nomenclature: ai, bi, & ci The i th power plant cost coefficients aj; bj, & cj The j th heat plant cost coefficients ak, bk, ck, dk, ek & fk The k th unit cost coefficients C Total production costs ( ) Fuel cost of power unit i ( ℎ ) Fuel cost of j th heat plant ( , ) Operational cost of k th cogeneration unit Hd Heat demand in the system Np , Nh and Nc Number of power-only plants, heatonly plants and cogeneration units P Output of power generation units Pd Electric power demand PLoss Transmission losses & Valve-point cost coefficients H Output of heat generation units