Risk assessment of heavy metals in road and soil dusts within PM2.5, PM10 and PM100 fractions in Dongying city, Shandong Province, China

Abstract

15 road and 14 soil dust samples were collected from an oilfield city, Dongying, from 11/2009-4/2010 and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) for V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb within PM(2.5), PM(10) and PM(100) fractions synchronously. Metal concentrations, sources and human health risk were studied. Results showed that both soil and road dust exhibited higher values for Mn and Zn and lower values for Co and Cd for the three fractions. Mass concentration ratios of PM(2.5)/PM(10) and PM(10)/PM(100) for metals in road and soil dust indicate that most of the heavy metals tend to concentrate in fine particles. Geoaccumulation index and enrichment factors analysis showed that Cu, Zn and Cd exhibited moderate or heavy contamination and significant enrichment, indicating the influence of anthropogenic sources. Vanadium, Cr, Mn and Co were mostly not enriched and were mainly influenced by crustal sources. For Ni, As and Pb, they ranged from not enriched to moderately enriched and were influenced by both crustal materials and anthropogenic sources. The conclusions were confirmed by multivariate analysis methods. Principle component analysis revealed that the major sources were vehicle emission, industrial activities, coal combustion, agricultural activities and crustal materials. The risk assessment results indicated that metal ingestion appeared to be the main exposure route followed by dermal contact. The most likely cause for cancer and other health risks are both the fine particles of soil and road dusts.

Total Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Estimation from Enhanced Heavy Metals Concentrations Resulting from Tailings in Katsina Steel Rolling Mill, Nigeria

“…(1), (2) and (3) for ingestion, inhalation and dermal pathways respectively. The exposure parameters provided by Environmental protection agency were used for the computation [34][35][36][37]. The obtained annual daily intake values were subjected to descriptive statistics using MS Excel 2010 and the Mean, minimum and maximum values corresponding to each heavy metal for a particular receptor (adult and children) via a particular pathway were presented in Table 3.…”

Chemical Characterizations of PM10 Profiles for Major Emission Sources in Xining, Northwestern China

“…After covering, the solution was heated on a hot plate at 220°C for 2.5 h. Then the hot plate was turned off and 5 mL HCl was added to the solution which was then transferred into a 10 mL plastic bottle. Finally, the digested samples were diluted to 10 mL with deionized water (Kong et al, 2011a;Kong et al, 2012). For ICP-OES, each polypropylene filter piece was ashed in a nickel crucible at 300°C for 40 minutes and then at 540°C in a muffle furnace.…”

Assessing the Hazardous Risks of Vehicle Inspection Workers’ Exposure to Particulate Heavy Metals in Their Work Places

“…HI ≤ 1 indicated no adverse health effects and HI > 1 indicated likely adverse health effects (Guney et al, 2010;Zheng et al, 2010a). For carcinogens, the daily value was multiplied by the corresponding slope factor (SF) to produce an estimate of cancer risk (Zheng et al, 2010b;Kong et al, 2012). The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for Co, Ni, As and Cd inhalation exposure route was used for cancer risk assessment by the following equation:…”

“…Heavy metals are a group of widespread pollutants in the environment, that mostly originate from traffic emission, industrial activities, domestic emission and weathering of buildings and pavements (Chen et al, 2005;Wei and Yang, 2010;Kong et al, 2012). Although some natural sources result in heavy metals emissions, human activities contribute most of their emissions in urban systems (Vassilakos et al, 2007;Sun et al, 2010).…”