Risk Assessment for the Use of Drones in Warehouse Operations in the First Phase of Introducing the Service to the Market

Abstract

Services, unlike products, are intangible, and their production and consumption take place simultaneously. The latter feature plays a crucial role in mitigating the identified risk. This article presents the new approach to risk assessment, which considers the first phase of introducing the service to the market and the specificity of UAV systems in warehouse operations. The fuzzy logic concept was used in the risk analysis model. The described risk assessment method was developed based on a literature review, historical data of a service company, observations of development team members, and the knowledge and experience of experts’ teams. Thanks to this, the proposed approach considers the current knowledge in studies and practical experiences related to the implementation of drones in warehouse operations. The proposed methodology was verified on the example of the selected service for drones in the magazine inventory. The conducted risk analysis allowed us to identify ten scenarios of adverse events registered in the drone service in warehouse operations. Thanks to the proposed classification of events, priorities were assigned to activities requiring risk mitigation. The proposed method is universal. It can be implemented to analyze logistics services and support the decision-making process in the first service life phase.

Towards Autonomous Drone Racing without GPU Using an OAK-D Smart Camera

“…Today, Industry 4.0 calls for the development of technology that can support operations with high demand, such as logistic and delivery tasks where drones have begun to be used as a viable option to overcome critical situations such as traffic jams and accessibility to remote places [15,31]. However, the deployment of multiple drones raises issues regarding interconnectivity, reliability, and safety [36,55]. The operation of autonomous drones may seem distant yet, especially when their solutions relying on AI face the problem of explainability for the sake of liability [56].…”

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“…UAVs are defined as cargo aircrafts that operate autonomously without pilots. The main benefits of their implementation are reflected in 3D navigation for MH activities [106][107][108]. Although UAVs are effectively used for control and logistics activities throughout the SC, they are particularly suitable to increase the effectiveness of logistics processes, especially the transportation of goods within the warehouse.…”

“…The collected data are processed and analyzed with DM technology, and thus, the sequence of serving the storage locations and the service time are determined. Moreover, DM has an essential role in UAV routing, thus achieving high security at the warehouse location where goods are picked and delivered [86,88,107,111].…”

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“…Tubis et al [5] presented a paper describing the theoretical deployment of UAVs in the warehouse environment. Experts from practice who already have experience with the deployment of drones in the warehouse have compiled a risk assessment model.…”