Risk assessment for ballast water management — Learning from the Adriatic Sea case study

David, Matej; Gollasch, Stephan

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.02.003

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Though the IMO BWM Convention incorporates principles of risk, over the past decade several improvements have been made to modeling commercial ship-borne species spread risk. ,,,− These models adopt a stage-based framework widely used in invasion biology, whereby species transport probability (probability of being transported to a new area) and establishment probability (probability of surviving and reproducing a viable population) are estimated separately, and spread probability is conditional on both transport and establishment occurring. Most models do not attempt to estimate the third stage, invasion probability, or likelihood that a species becomes a nuisance or HAOP, as this is more subjective and difficult state to estimate at a global scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Biological Risk and Cost Model Analysis Supports a Geopolitical Shift in Ballast Water Management

Wang

Saebi

Corbett

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This work evaluates efficacies of plausible ballast water management strategies and standards by integrating a global species spread risk assessment with a policy cost-effectiveness analysis. Specifically, we consider species spread risks and costs of port-and vessel-based strategies under both current organism concentration standards and stricter standards proposed by California. For each scenario, we estimate species spread risks and patterns using a higher-order analysis of a global ship-borne species spread model and estimate fleet costs for vessel-and barge-based ballast water treatment systems for each standard. We find that stricter standards may reduce species spread risk by a factor of 17 globally and would greatly simplify the complex network of shipborne species spread. The current policy of IMO standards is most cost-effectively achieved through ship-based treatment, and that any additional risk reduction will be most cost-effectively achieved by port-based (or barge-based) technologies, particularly if these are strategically implemented at the top ports within the largest clusters. Bargebased ballast water management would require a shift in governance, and we suggest that this next level of policymaking could be feasible for special areas designated by the IMO, by State or multistate authorities, or by voluntary port applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Biological Risk and Cost Model Analysis Supports a Geopolitical Shift in Ballast Water Management

Wang

Saebi

Corbett

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…A virtue of our framework is that it requires very little computational effort compared to more sophisticated modeling approaches (e.g., Saebi et al, 2020;Hatami et al, 2021), and is easy to implement by simple arithmetic application of the final vessel type risk scores. The risk factors we included are broad, with readily available data that do not require extensive effort to collect, as would be the case for risk assessments that investigate and summarize patterns of individual ship transits (David and Gollasch, 2019). Although the risk scores derived in our framework may not apply perfectly to every situation globally, the method we outlined can be customized to fit specific local or regional scenarios by adding or removing individual risk factors or vessel types as appropriate, depending on their relevance.…”

Section: Framework Overview and Potential Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Compiling Quantifications of Marine Biosecurity Risk Factors Associated With Common Vessel Types

2021

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Globally, movements of commercial vessels can facilitate the spread of marine non-indigenous species (NIS) beyond their current biogeographic ranges. Authorities at potential destination locations employ a number of biosecurity risk assessment strategies to estimate threat levels from potential origin locations, vulnerability levels of specific destination regions, or the consequences of successful establishment of particular NIS species. Among the many factors and processes that have an influence on the probability that NIS will survive transport and establish successfully at new locations, vessel type has been identified as an important risk factor. Different vessel types have different structural and operational characteristics that affect their overall level of marine biosecurity risk. Several recent studies have examined subsets of vessel types or vessel characteristics for their ability to spread NIS. While high-quality information is available via these endeavors, it is fragmented and not readily available as an integrated resource to support biosecurity regulators or other end-users. In this study, we synthesize available empirical data on a wide range of vessel types and characteristics to develop a framework that allows systematic quantification of the relative risk of NIS transfer by common commercial vessel types. We explain our approach for constructing the framework, from selection of key risk factors for inclusion, to selection of which datasets to use for those risk factors. The framework output is a set of risk scores which denote the relative biosecurity risk of common commercial vessel types. To demonstrate a potential application of our framework, we applied the risk scores to vessel visit data for commercial ports around New Zealand and assigned a relative risk level per port based on the arrival frequencies of different vessel types. The resulting per-port risk levels matched closely with the results of a prior benchmark study that employed state-of-the-art risk modeling approaches. Our framework is based on globally relevant data, is simple to implement, and is adaptable as new empirical information arises. It can serve as a simple tool to determine the relative levels of vessel-related biosecurity risk associated with geographic shipping hubs, or it can be used as a vessel-specific “risk mask” for maritime transport models. It can be applied to any scientific or policy question that requires information on vessel type differences in relation to marine biosecurity risk.

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“…Preventing and/or avoiding the arrival of range expansion species induced by tropicalization is quite challenging. Therefore, detecting and monitoring non-indigenous and potentially invasive species in a particular location provides a crucial baseline for advice to politicians, decision-makers, and other stakeholders regarding management options in coping with those species [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Risk screening and hazard identification are other crucial steps in assessing the risks associated with NIS proliferations [38] by identifying and ranking NIS that likely could cause a threat to native species and ecosystems in a particular region [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Signal of Tropicalization in the Northeast Atlantic: The Spread of the Spotfin Burrfish Chilomycterus reticulatus in Madeira Archipelago and Its Invasion Risk

et al. 2021

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Current trends in the global climate facilitate the displacement of numerous marine species from their native distribution ranges to higher latitudes when facing warming conditions. In this work, we analyzed occurrences of a circumtropical reef fish, the spotfin burrfish, Chilomycterus reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1958), in the Madeira Archipelago (NE Atlantic) between 1898 and 2021. In addition to available data sources, we performed an online survey to assess the distribution and presence of this species in the Madeira Archipelago, along with other relevant information, such as size class and year of the first sighting. In total, 28 valid participants responded to the online survey, georeferencing 119 C. reticulatus sightings and confirming its presence in all archipelago islands. The invasiveness of the species was screened using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Five assessments rated the fish as being of medium risk of establishing a local population and becoming invasive. Current temperature trends might have facilitated multiple sightings of this thermophilic species in the Madeira Archipelago. The present study indicates an increase in C. reticulatus sightings in the region. This underlines the need for updated comprehensive information on species diversity and distribution to support informed management and decisions. The spread of yet another thermophilic species in Madeiran waters provides further evidence of an ongoing tropicalization, emphasizing the need for monitoring programs and the potential of citizen science in complementing such programs.

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Risk assessment for ballast water management — Learning from the Adriatic Sea case study

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Integrated Biological Risk and Cost Model Analysis Supports a Geopolitical Shift in Ballast Water Management

Integrated Biological Risk and Cost Model Analysis Supports a Geopolitical Shift in Ballast Water Management

A Framework for Compiling Quantifications of Marine Biosecurity Risk Factors Associated With Common Vessel Types

A New Signal of Tropicalization in the Northeast Atlantic: The Spread of the Spotfin Burrfish Chilomycterus reticulatus in Madeira Archipelago and Its Invasion Risk

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