Risk and protective factors of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm babies in Wuhan, China

Zeng, Rong; Liu, Hanchu; Xia, Shiwen; Chang, Li-Wen

doi:10.1007/s00381-012-1875-9

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For the two case control studies, one found that cesarean sections were associated with lower cord blood plasmin activity and lower umbilical blood IgG, IgM, C3, and C4 compared to vaginal delivery 51. The second case control study, making the same comparisons, found no association between cesarean birth and intraventricular hemorrhage 52. The eleven cross-sectional studies consistently found that cesarean sections were associated with higher risks of venous thromboembolism, surgical site infection, and postpartum infection.…”

Section: Consequences Of Cesarean Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Cesarean section in the People’s Republic of China: current perspectives

Feng¹,

Wang²,

An³

et al. 2014

IJWH

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ObjectiveTo review the current knowledge on the prevalence, reasons, and consequences of cesarean sections in the People’s Republic of China.MethodsPeer-reviewed articles were systematically searched on PubMed. The following Chinese databases were comprehensively searched: the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and the VIP information. The databases were searched from inception to September 1, 2013. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts for eligibility. Full texts of eligible papers were reviewed, where relevant references were hand-searched and reviewed.FindingsSixty articles were included from PubMed, 17 articles were intentionally picked out from Chinese journals, and five additional articles were added, for a total of 82 articles for the analysis. With a current national rate near 40%, the literature consistently reported a rapid rise of cesarean sections in the People’s Republic of China in the past decades, irrespective of where people lived or their socioeconomic standing. Nonclinical factors were considered as the main drivers fueling the rise of cesareans in the People’s Republic of China. There was a lively debate on whether women’s preferences or providers’ distorted financial incentives affected the rise in cesarean sections. However, recent evidence suggests that it might be the People’s Republic of China’s health development approach – focusing on specialized care and marginalizing primary care – that is playing a role. Although 30 articles were identified studying the consequences of cesareans, the methodologies are in general weak and the themes are out of focus.ConclusionThe overuse of cesareans is rising alarmingly in the People’s Republic of China and has become a real public health problem. No consensus has been made on the leverage factors that drive the cesarean epidemic, particularly for those nonclinical factors. The more macro level structural factors may have played a part, though further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms. Knowledge of the consequences of cesareans, particularly for women, is limited in the People’s Republic of China, leaving a substantial literature gap.

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Section: Consequences Of Cesarean Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Cesarean section in the People’s Republic of China: current perspectives

Feng¹,

Wang²,

An³

et al. 2014

IJWH

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“…48,55,66,[83][84][85][86][87] Eight observational studies (low-quality, downgraded for indirectness) found no association between hypothermia and IVH. 43,60,61,[88][89][90][91][92] For the important outcome of respiratory issues, there is evidence from 9 observational studies 44,48,50,67,83,[93][94][95][96] (low-quality evidence) showing an association between hypothermia and respiratory disease. One large randomized controlled trial 79 (low-quality evidence, downgraded for imprecision and risk of bias) found a reduction in pulmonary hemorrhage associated with improved admission temperature (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35-0.94).…”

Section: Consensus On Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation

Perlman¹,

Wyllie²,

Kattwinkel³

et al. 2015

Pediatrics

234

291

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“…48,55,66,[83][84][85][86][87] Eight observational studies (lowquality, downgraded for indirectness) found no association between hypothermia and IVH. 43,60,61,[88][89][90][91][92] For the important outcome of respiratory issues, there is evidence from 9 observational studies 44,48,50,67,83,[93][94][95][96] (lowquality evidence) showing an association between hypothermia and respiratory disease. One large randomized controlled trial 79 (low-quality evidence, downgraded for imprecision and risk of bias) found a reduction in pulmonary hemorrhage associated with improved admission temperature (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35-0.94).…”

Section: Consensus On Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation

Perlman¹,

Wyllie²,

Kattwinkel³

et al. 2015

Circulation

525

256

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The transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life that occurs at the time of birth requires timely anatomic and physiologic adjustments to achieve the conversion from placental gas exchange to pulmonary respiration. This transition is brought about by initiation of air breathing and cessation of the placental circulation. Air breathing initiates marked relaxation of pulmonary vascular resistance, with considerable increase in pulmonary blood flow and increased return of now-welloxygenated blood to the left atrium and left ventricle, as well as increased left ventricular output. Removal of the lowresistance placental circuit will increase systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure and reduce right-to-left shunting across the ductus arteriosus. The systemic organs must equally and quickly adjust to the dramatic increase in blood pressure and oxygen exposure. Similarly, intrauterine thermostability must be replaced by neonatal thermoregulation with its inherent increase in oxygen consumption.Approximately 85% of babies born at term will initiate spontaneous respirations within 10 to 30 seconds of birth, an additional 10% will respond during drying and stimulation, approximately 3% will initiate respirations after positive-pressure ventilation (PPV), 2% will be intubated to support respiratory function, and 0.1% will require chest compressions and/or epinephrine to achieve this transition. [1][2][3] Although the vast majority of newborn infants do not require intervention to make these transitional changes, the large number of births worldwide means that many infants require some assistance to achieve cardiorespiratory stability each year.Newly born infants who are breathing or crying and have good tone immediately after birth must be dried and kept warm so as to avoid hypothermia. These actions can be provided with the baby lying on the mother's chest and should not require separation of mother and baby. This does not preclude the need for clinical assessment of the baby. For the approximately 5% of newly born infants who do not initiate respiratory effort after stimulation by drying, and providing warmth to avoid hypothermia, 1 or more of the following actions should be undertaken: providing effective ventilation with a face mask or endotracheal intubation, and administration of chest compressions with or without intravenous medications or volume expansion for those with a persistent heart rate less than 60/min or asystole, despite strategies to achieve effective ventilation (Figure 1).The 2 vital signs that are used to identify the need for an intervention as well as to assess the response to interventions are heart rate and respirations. Progression down the algorithm should proceed only after successful completion of each step, the most critical being effective ventilation. A period of only approximately 60 seconds after birth is allotted to complete each of the first 2 steps, ie, determination of heart rate and institution of effective ventilation. Subsequent progression to the next step will depend o...

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Risk and protective factors of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm babies in Wuhan, China

Abstract: In the present study, factors that related to neonatal IVH included hypotension, prenatal steroid use, and transportation.

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Cesarean section in the People’s Republic of China: current perspectives

Cesarean section in the People’s Republic of China: current perspectives

Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation

Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation

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Risk and protective factors of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm babies in Wuhan, China

Abstract: In the present study, factors that related to neonatal IVH included hypotension, prenatal steroid use, and transportation.

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Cesarean section in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China: current perspectives

Cesarean section in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China: current perspectives

Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation

Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation

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Cesarean section in the People’s Republic of China: current perspectives

Cesarean section in the People’s Republic of China: current perspectives