Risk and mortality of testicular cancer in patients with neurodevelopmental or other psychiatric disorders

Jansson, Anna K; Söderling, Jonas; Reutfors, Johan; Thor, Anna; Sköld, Camilla; Cohn‐Cedermark, Gabriella; Ståhl, Olof; Smedby, Karin E.; Pettersson, Andreas; Glimelius, Ingrid

doi:10.1038/s41416-023-02260-8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Possible underlying mechanisms have also been suggested 28 , 29 . Risk of testicular cancer was increased among patients with NDDs or other psychiatric disorders which is observed in a case-control study 30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer networks share pathways, but differ in mechanisms, signaling strength, and outcome

Yavuz,

Arici,

Demirel

et al. 2023

npj Genom. Med.

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Epidemiological studies suggest that individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are more prone to develop certain types of cancer. Notably, however, the case statistics can be impacted by late discovery of cancer in individuals afflicted with NDDs, such as intellectual disorders, autism, and schizophrenia, which may bias the numbers. As to NDD-associated mutations, in most cases, they are germline while cancer mutations are sporadic, emerging during life. However, somatic mosaicism can spur NDDs, and cancer-related mutations can be germline. NDDs and cancer share proteins, pathways, and mutations. Here we ask (i) exactly which features they share, and (ii) how, despite their commonalities, they differ in clinical outcomes. To tackle these questions, we employed a statistical framework followed by network analysis. Our thorough exploration of the mutations, reconstructed disease-specific networks, pathways, and transcriptome levels and profiles of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and cancers, point to signaling strength as the key factor: strong signaling promotes cell proliferation in cancer, and weaker (moderate) signaling impacts differentiation in ASD. Thus, we suggest that signaling strength, not activating mutations, can decide clinical outcome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer networks share pathways, but differ in mechanisms, signaling strength, and outcome

Yavuz,

Arici,

Demirel

et al. 2023

npj Genom. Med.

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show abstract

“…For instance, a retrospective cohort study carried out in Taiwan reported that ADHD was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (adjusted Hazard Ratio = 3.458, 95% CI = 1.640–7.293, p < 0.001) [ 77 ]. Furthermore, a history of a neurodevelopmental disorder (ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disabilities) was associated with an increased risk of seminoma) in a nested case-control study (OR: 1.54; 1.09–2.19 [ 78 ]. Moreover, ADHD shows substantial genetic correlations with nonpsychiatric conditions, including lung cancer [ 79 ].…”

Section: Speer Allergic Tension-fatigue Syndrome (Satfs) Re-visitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Histamine and Not Acetylcholine the Missing Link between ADHD and Allergies? Speer Allergic Tension Fatigue Syndrome Re-Visited

Blasco-Fontecilla

2023

JCM

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Speer allergic tension-fatigue syndrome (SATFS) is a classic allergy syndrome characterized by allergy-like symptoms, muscle tension, headaches, chronic fatigue, and other particular behaviors that were initially described in the fifties. The particular behaviors displayed include symptoms such as hyperkinesis, hyperesthesia (i.e., insomnia), restlessness, and distractibility, among others. Interestingly, these symptoms are very similar to descriptions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder worldwide, which is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The clinical description of SATFS precedes the nomination of ADHD in 1960 by Stella Chess. In this conceptual paper, we stress that there is a gap in the research on the relationship between ADHD and allergic pathologies. The hypotheses of this conceptual paper are (1) SATFS is probably one of the first and best historical descriptions of ADHD alongside a common comorbidity (allergy) displayed by these patients; (2) SATFS (ADHD) is a systemic disease that includes both somatic and behavioral manifestations that may influence each other in a bidirectional manner; (3) The role of neuroinflammation and histamine is key for understanding the pathophysiology of ADHD and its frequent somatic comorbidities; (4) The deficiency of the diamine oxidase (DAO) enzyme, which metabolizes histamine extracellularly, may play a role in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Decreased DAO activity may lead to an accumulation of histamine, which could contribute to core ADHD symptoms and comorbid disorders. Further empirical studies are needed to confirm our hypotheses.

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Malignant ovarian and testicular germ cell tumors: Common characteristics but different prognoses

Sköld,

Jansson,

Glimelius

2024

J Intern Med

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Both ovarian and testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) arise from the primordial germ cell and share many similarities. Both malignancies affect mainly young patients, show remarkable responsiveness to cisplatin‐based therapy, and have an excellent prognosis, which also highlights the importance of minimizing long‐term side effects. However, certain differences can be noted: The spreading of the disease differs, and the staging system and treatment recommendations are dissimilar. Moreover, the prognosis for ovarian GCTs is significantly inferior to that for testicular cancer, as exemplified in this review comparing the survival in Swedish patients diagnosed with testicular (1995–2022) and ovarian (1990–2018) GCTs. The 5‐year overall survival in ovarian GCTs was 85.2%, versus 98.2% for testicular GCTs. How can this be explained? One reason may be the difference in knowledge, experience, and evidence because the incidence rate of testicular cancer is more than 15 times that of ovarian GCTs. Given the rarity of the disease in women and the lack of established guidelines, a comprehensive understanding of the disease and treatment decisions is challenging. The main objective of this review is to derive insights from testicular GCTs (seminoma and non‐seminoma) by reviewing etiological, tumor biological, and clinical knowledge, and to thereafter suggest actions for ovarian GCTs based on this. We hypothesize that by adopting specific treatment strategies from testicular GCTs—including de‐escalating adjuvant chemotherapy for low‐risk patients and implementing more standardized and intensive treatment protocols in cases of relapse—we can improve the prognosis and minimize long‐term side effects in ovarian GCT patients.

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Risk and mortality of testicular cancer in patients with neurodevelopmental or other psychiatric disorders

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

Neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer networks share pathways, but differ in mechanisms, signaling strength, and outcome

Neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer networks share pathways, but differ in mechanisms, signaling strength, and outcome

Is Histamine and Not Acetylcholine the Missing Link between ADHD and Allergies? Speer Allergic Tension Fatigue Syndrome Re-Visited

Malignant ovarian and testicular germ cell tumors: Common characteristics but different prognoses

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