Risk Analysis of Arsenic in Rice Using by HPLC-ICP-MS

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rice is one of the main sources for inorganic arsenic among the consumed crops in the world population's diet. Arsenic is classified into Group 1 as it is carcinogenic for humans, according to the IARC. This study was carried out to assess dietary exposure risk of inorganic arsenic in husked rice and polished rice to the Korean population health. METHODS AND RESULTS: Total arsenic was determined using microwave device and ICP-MS. Inorganic arsenic was determined by ICP-MS coupled with HPLC system. The HPLC-ICP-MS analysis was optimized based on the limit of detection, limit of quantitation, and recovery ratio to be 0.73-1.24 μg/kg, 2.41-4.09 μg/kg, and 96.5-98.9%, respectively. The inorganic arsenic concentrations of daily exposure (included in body weight) were 4.97×10-3 (≥20 years old)-1.36×10-2 (≤2 years old) μg/kg b.w./day (PTWI 0.23-0.63%) by the husked rice, and 1.39×10-1 (≥ 20 years old)-3.21×10-1 (≤2 years old) μg/kg b.w./day (PTWI 6.47-15.00%) by the polished rice. CONCLUSION: The levels of overall exposure to total and inorganic arsenic by the husked and polished rice were far lower than the recommended levels of The Joint FAO/ WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), indicating of little possibility of risk.