Rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration affect weedy rice growth, seed shattering and seedbank longevity

Abstract

Weedy rice (Oryza sp.) is one of the most troublesome global weeds in cultivated rice.Its troublesome status is associated with characteristics such as seed shattering and dormancy, allowing for long-term reinfestation and persistence in rice fields. However, the role of rising carbon dioxide levels (CO 2 ) and other climate variables on these characteristics has not, to date, been assessed. The current research objectives were to evaluate two aspects related to climatic change, increased CO 2 concentration (400 ± 50 μmol mol À1 and 700 ± 50 μmol mol À1 ) and water management (continuous and alternate-wetting drying), to assess plant development, seed shattering and seedbank longevity of weedy rice. Our results indicated that elevated CO 2 (700 ± 50 μmol mol À1 ) increased weedy rice growth and biomass, seed shattering and lengthened viability within the seedbank. Water management did not affect weedy rice growth, seed shattering and seed dormancy. These results suggest that in areas where weedy rice is dominant, its seed bank persistence and potential competition may be exacerbated with rising CO 2 levels, with negative consequences for rice production.

Agricultural Research Service Weed Science Research: Past, Present, and Future

“…), thereby reducing the relative yield of cultivated rice (Ziska et al 2010). Rising CO 2 may further contribute to the competitive advantage of O. punctata by increasing seed shattering and seedbank persistence (Balbinot et al 2022). In a recent meta-analysis of how climate change influences weed–crop interactions, the presence of weeds negated any benefits of elevated CO 2 for crop production (Vilà et al 2021).…”

Elevated CO2 concentration enhances Oryza sativa seed shattering and affects seed shattering gene expression

“…Our previous results, published in 2022, showed that e[CO 2 ] increased weedy rice seed shattering (Balbinot et al, 2022). Here we evaluate the effect of projected, future CO 2 concentration on seed shattering and in the transcriptional regulation of seven genes known to be related to seed shattering in rice, cell wall synthesis, tissue degradation of the abscission layer and genes that influence lignin biosynthesis.…”

Impact of climate changes on weed vegetation and herbicides efficiency

“…C 3 -бур'яни відповідають на зростання рівня CO 2 сильніше, ніж C 4 , збільшенням накопичення маси і площі листків. Водночас позитивна відповідь C 3 -культур на підвищений рівень CO 2 може зменшити конкурентоспроможність C 4 -бур'янів для C 3 -культур, тоді як C 3 -бур'яни у C 4 -або C 3 -культурах можуть стати проблемою, особливо в тропічних регіонах [57,58]. Cлід зазначити, що існує як внутрішньовидова, так і міжвидова варіабельність відгуку рослин на рівень CO 2 , яка також залежить від температури, світла, вологи і доступності поживних речовин [59].…”