Riscos ocupacionais dos técnicos em radiologia na assistência ao portador de múltiplos traumas

Abstract

Este estudo objetivou identificar e dar visibilidade aos principais riscos ocupacionais de técnicos em radiologia, associados à assistência ao paciente portador de múltiplos traumas, em um serviço hospitalar de radiologia convencional. Pesquisa exploratório-descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da técnica de observação participante dos atendimentos efetuados pelos técnicos em radiologia num serviço de radiologia convencional de um hospital geral de Florianópolis entre maio e setembro de 2012. As observações que caracterizaram exposição a risco ocupacional foram descritas em diário de campo sendo posteriormente aproximadas e comparadas com o referencial teórico contido na Portaria N 25/1994. Constatou-se que os riscos ocupacionais a que se encontram expostos os técnicos em radiologia na assistência ao portador de múltiplos traumas estão relacionados à exposição à radiação ionizante, fluídos corporais e riscos ergonômicos, negligencia ao uso de equipamento de proteção individual e defeitos nos equipamentos. Os técnicos em radiologia tornam-se mais vulneráveis aos riscos ocupacionais quando prestam assistência ao paciente politraumatizado. Palavras-chave: Riscos Ocupacionais. Tecnologia Radiológica. Saúde do Trabalhador.This study aimed to identify and give visibility to the main occupational hazards of radiology technicians, associated with the care of multiple trauma patient with a hospital department of conventional radiology. Exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The data were collected through participant observation technique of calls made by radiology technicians in conventional radiology service of a general hospital in Florianópolis between May and September 2012. The observations that have characterized exposure to occupational risk were described in journal field subsequently estimated and compared with the theoretical framework contained in Decree No 25/1994. It was found that the occupational risks to which they are technicians exposed in radiology in the care of multiple traumas carrier are related to exposure to ionizing radiation, body fluids and ergonomic risks, neglects to personal protective equipment use and defects in equipment. The radiology technicians become more vulnerable to occupational risks when assisting polytrauma patients.

Evaluation of the Management of Hospital Radiological Protection.

“…Thus, according to the legislation recommended, continuing education, sustained by a periodic update, should be institutionalized, since it recognizes the possible risk to which professionals working in radiodiagnosis services are exposed. Moreover, in training for the development of practical skills, it could be included improvement projects for self-care with regard to workers' health (Anderson et al, 2016;Régis et al, 2018).…”

Sources of exhaustion among hospital conventional radiology technicians in Santa Catarina, Brazil

“…Problems are also posed by broken gurneys, or with locks and wheels which do not work properly, insufficient numbers of workers available to transfer patients from gurneys to the x-ray table, and having to handle weights above the shoulder level while handling equipment or positioning patients. All these factors might result in overload to the joints and spine 7 .…”

“…A study performed by Anderson 6 found that beyond the common burdens associated to hospital work, this group is also exposed to factors inherent to the work process in radiology. Such risks include: exposure to ionizing radiation, large numbers of patients, working with broken equipment, exposure to body fluids, ergonomic risks related to handling weights, and accelerated pace of work 7 .…”

Biological and ergonomic risks of radiology technicians in a conventional radiology service

“…Among these elements, we highlight ionizing radiation, presence of micro-organisms in body fluids and secretions, accelerated work pace, scarcity of human resources, and excessive weight manipulation. 2 …”