Rio De Janeiro’s Olympic Legacy: Public Security for Whom?

Much has been written about the legacies of Olympic Games but there have been little efforts to synthesize current knowledge. This has led to inconsistencies in defining, contextualising and measuring these legacies. The literature review described in this paper provides an overview over research on the legacy of the Olympic Games from 1908 to 2016 that was published in peer-reviewed journals between 1984 and 2017.The analysis reveals a significant increase of literature dealing with Olympic legacy since 2008. It turns out that considerably more studies relate to the legacy of Summer Olympic Games than of Winter Games. Regarding the six different facets of legacy of the framework that was employed, 'urban development' and 'beliefs and behaviour' have been scrutinized much more often than the other four. Regarding the methodologies used in legacy studies there is a dominance of commentary articles and a lack of adequate empirical research. This leads to a number of implications for future studies, which are discussed in the paper.

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“…Policies that are not sport-related belong to areas like security (e.g. Molnar, 2015;Rekow, 2016), environment (e.g. Müller, 2015) or food (e.g.…”

Section: Policy and Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Legacy of the Olympic Games: A Review

Scheu

Preuß

Könecke

2019

Journal of Global Sport Management

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“…Our findings may have been related to the strong investment made by the country and the organising committee in providing high levels of security during the event (Charner et al , 2016). This was evident, for example, by the army's presence in the city streets and the police pacification programme in the host city, which has been suggested as a type of measure that often takes place in the Global South in “emerging nations” with geopolitical goals of controlling territory, people and resources (Rekow, 2016). Nevertheless, it is also important to note that these social impacts must be seen as short-term consequences (Balduck et al , 2011), resulting from the host city's urbanisation and development agenda.…”

Section: Discussion and Managerial Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The social impact of the 2016 Rio Olympic Games: comparison of residents' pre- and post-event perceptions

Ribeiro

Correia

Biscaia

2020

SBM

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PurposeDespite the recognition that citizens' perceptions of mega sport events' social impact is critical for the sustainable development of these events and host cities, most previous studies have not taken into consideration how these perceptions may change over time. This study examines citizens' social impact perceptions of the 2016 Rio Olympic Games before and after the event.Design/methodology/approachData were collected amongst local residents of Rio de Janeiro pre- and post-event (n = 256). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) analysed the psychometric properties of the proposed social impact constructs. Subsequently, a multigroup analysis and latent mean comparisons were conducted to test social impact perceptions pre- and post-event.FindingsThe multigroup CFA showed factorial stability of the social impact model in both periods, while the latent mean comparisons revealed significant differences in the dimensions of social experiences, city image and community pride enhancement, public infrastructures and social conflicts. Results indicated that the perception of positive impacts tends to increase, while perceived negative impacts decrease from pre- to post-event.Social implicationsThe social effects of hosting sport mega events result in a short-term change in attitudes towards the local community, leading to a better comprehension on how communities perceive the event's impact on their lives.Originality/valueIn a highly complex mega event such as the Olympic Games, any change may influence residents' perceptions. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of residents for determining support or opposition in hosting the event, allowing a better understanding of the exchange effects.

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“…The extension and concentration of security operations in public areas and transportation infrastructure has been one of the most notable developments in Rio de Janeiro's security profile in the last years (Rekow, 2016;Gaffney and Robertson, 2018). Through hosting mega-events, the city of Rio has seen a gradual increase in the securitization of Olympic sites and roads by responding to tensions arising from the pacification of the city's favelas and drug-related violence (Gold and Gold, 2017).…”

Section: Theoretical Basementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the urban changes in the city's security systems, Rio de Janeiro's high criminal track record of murder and robbery (Kassens-Noor et al, 2016). Even though the "Games Security Plan" devised by Brazil's three government levels was launched as one of the greatest legacies of the Olympics, prior studies noted that it has done little to provide public safety for the city (Rekow, 2016;Scheu and Preuss, 2017). In addition, anecdotal reports from press coverage suggest that transport systems continue to be overcrowded, and insecurity worries are daily occurrences (Globo, 2019;BBC, 2019).…”

Section: Theoretical Basementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high disbelief level may be identified in the lack of Olympic and urban planning, particularly in evaluating Olympic legacy-related outcomes (Silvestre, 2017). In addition, prior studies identified the lack of community consultation and participatory planning in the bidding and delivery process of the Olympic Games (Gaffney, 2016;Rekow, 2016). An alternative explanation for this finding might be that mega-events require a significant transport infrastructure enhancement planned over a long period of time (Currie and Delbosc, 2011), and as a result, Rio's residents may not perceive an improvement in urban changes in the following post-IJSMS 22,1 Olympic years.…”

Section: Practical and Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Rio's transport legacy: pre- and post-Games resident perceptions

Ribeiro

Almeida

2020

IJSMS

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PurposeThe Rio 2016 Olympic Games required a significant investment in the public transport systems, connecting four city's areas and providing different types of impacts and legacies for their hosts. The purpose of this paper is to examine resident perceptions of the public transportation issues in the Rio host city before and after the Games. Key factors underpinning transportation issue outcomes are identified.Design/methodology/approachData were collected among Rio local residents by using a pre-Games (n = 504) and post-Games design (n = 421). The cross-sectional and longitudinal data were assessed at both time periods. An exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors, and a confirmatory factor analysis analysed the psychometric properties of the constructs proposed. Subsequently, MANOVA and a series of ANOVA tests (one-way and paired samples) were performed to analyse the differences in perceptions before and after the Games.FindingsResults revealed a five-factor model of public transportation issues perceived: planning, infrastructure, insecurity, information and urban mobility. Resident perceptions for four factors (planning, infrastructure, insecurity, urban mobility) increased from pre- to post-Games, meaning that they have a more negative perspective about those issues. In contrast, the findings suggested an improvement in public transport information perceived between the period before and after the Games.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the academic literature related to discussing the Olympic legacy by providing evidence of how hosting the Olympics may lead to social exchange with negative outcomes on transport legacy. The findings of this study can be used as valuable information for future event organizers, local authorities and governments.

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Rio De Janeiro’s Olympic Legacy: Public Security for Whom?

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

The Legacy of the Olympic Games: A Review

The Legacy of the Olympic Games: A Review

The social impact of the 2016 Rio Olympic Games: comparison of residents' pre- and post-event perceptions

The Rio's transport legacy: pre- and post-Games resident perceptions

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