Ringworm of the Scalp1

Livingood, Clarence S.; Pillsbury, Donald M.

doi:10.1038/jid.1941.5

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It has been indicated that, of the human type of fungi, M. audouini is very resistant to treatment and is a common offender in this country, but it must be noted that Livingood and Pillsbury (1941) have shown that even M. audouinii infections have occasionally been known to heal spontaneously, sometimes before puberty, if left long enough. Much less common, but even more resistant to treatment, are the endothrix trichophyta (e.g., T. tonsurans, T. sabouraudi).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve Injuries in Children

Souttar¹

1945

BMJ

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve Injuries in Children

Souttar¹

1945

BMJ

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“…Thus, Lewis, Hopper, and Reiss (1946) state that The tendency of approximately 10% of the patients to spontaneous recovery and consequent success with the use of local remedies alone is reflected in the 32 patients who were so cured in an average time of six to eight weeks.' Livingood and Pillsbury (1941) who followed up 125 cases of M. audouini tinea capiLis, mainly in coloured children, found 20 (160") with evidence of inflammation before or following local treatment and 14 of these became cured without x-ray epilation. And of 105 cases of non-inflammatory M. audouini infection of the scalp 28 (270o) cured spontaneouslv in periods varying from three months to two years.…”

Section: Spontaneous Curesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is unlikely that such an explanation could be true of many of the spontaneous cures, sice of the total 87 as many as 61 were below the age of 12 years. Livingood and Pillsbury (1941) noted that the chance of spontaneous cure was greatly increased if inflammation occurred, but even in cases in which no inflamnation occurred many M. audouini infections did become spontaneously cured. These authors observed concomitant non-iflammatory M. a uw infections of the scalp in five sets of brothers in which infection of one brother in each pair became cured after persistent local treatment, while that of the other did not.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Localized Outbreak of Tinea Capitis (M. Audouini) in Northern Ireland

Beare¹,

Cheeseman²

1951

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Discussion It is apparent that the type of infection has considerable progniostic significance, and that the lesions produiced by dermatophytes pathogenic to animals are those likely to be cured spontaneously or without great difficulty. It has been indicated that, of the human type of fungi, M. audouini is very resistant to treatment and is a common offender in this country, but it must be noted that Livingood and Pillsbury (1941) have shown that even M. audouinii infections have occasionally been known to heal spontaneously, sometimes before puberty, if left long enough. Much less common, but even more resistant to treatment, are the endothrix trichophyta (e.g., T. tonsurans, T. sabouraudi).…”

Section: Animal Contagionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Animal-type Dermatophytes in Human Ringworm

Thomas¹,

Lennox²,

Duncan³

1945

BMJ

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A feature of dermatology in recent years has been the increased incidence of fungous diseases. Attention has been drawn to the fact that ringworm infections in particular are seriously increasing (Ingram, 1944) and that ringworm of the scalp, which had become a comparatively rare disease, is again threatening to attain epidemic proportions.Comment has never been lacking on the association of ringworm in man with animal contacts and on the finding of " animal-type " fungi in human lesions. Possibly because it is not always easy to trace the infection from animal to man, this association has been presented in the light of an uncommon occurrence. It is our belief that the importance of the animal source of infection in human ringworm has been insufficiently stressed in this country, and that animal infections occur far more often than is commonly supposed. The mycological findings in ringworm specimens submitted to cultural methods of investigation'show a high proportion of fungi hitherto considered unusual in human lesions, especially in ringworm of the scalp, and suggest either that we are witnessing an increase in the incidence of ringworm in man caused by dermatophytes usually parasitic on the lower animals, or that infection by these types of dermatophytes has in the past been incompletely assessed.In a consideration of the epidemiology of ringworm a distinction is drawn between tinea circinata and tinea tonsurans.A survey of the literature shows that, in the former, animal sources of infection have been recognized from time to time; but in the case of tinea tonsurans the connexion appears not to have warranted any detailed consideration. Kinnear (1931) reported that the occurrence of infection of the scalp with microspora other than M. audouini, was very rare in this country. Ashton (1932), investigating the frequency of ringworm in cattle, concluded, after interviewing nearly 400 insurance practitioners, that ringworm derived from animals was not uncommon in certain districts, but chose particularly the glabrous skin rather than the scalp. More recent English publications (Roxburgh, 1944; Shanks, 1944) advocate treatment of tinea tonsurans only by x-rav epilation, and, except for suppurative cases, make no mention of the conservative method, which is permissible where the causative organism is an animal type.The prevalence of the different types of pathogenic fungi is known to vary from country to country and, indeed, from locality to locality. Sabouraud was at pains to emphasize the frequency of animal-type infections in ringworm subjects in France. In the United States the importance of animal types of fungi has for long been realized. The practical significance of these epidemiological considerations was recognized by Lewis and Hopper (1937), who correlated and confirmed the findinigs of earlier American workers (Bloch, Jadassohn, Miescher, etc.). These had suggested that scalp infections caused by microspora pathogenic to animals are curable by topical methods alone. The topographical variability in ...

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Ringworm of the Scalp1

Cited by 28 publications

References 3 publications

Nerve Injuries in Children

Nerve Injuries in Children

A Localized Outbreak of Tinea Capitis (M. Audouini) in Northern Ireland

The Role of Animal-type Dermatophytes in Human Ringworm

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