Rikkunshi-to Raises Levels of Somatostatin and Gastrin in Human Plasma.

Naito, Takafumi; Yasunaga, Fumitaka; Takeyama, Masaharu

doi:10.1248/bpb.24.841

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Previously, the acceleration of gastric emptying (1, 10), the increase in plasma somatostatin and gastrin levels (11), and the stimulation of gastric myoelectric activity after gastrointestinal surgery (12) were reported as clinical effects of Rikkunshi-to. On the other hand, some basic studies have demonstrated that Rikkunshi-to prevents gastric mucosal damage (13,14) and recovers the gastric adaptive relaxation (GAR) abolished by treatment with L-NNA in the isolated guinea pig stomach (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rikkunshi-to, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, on the Delay of Gastric Emptying Induced by NG-Nitro-L-arginine

et al. 2005

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Abstract. We evaluated the effects of Rikkunshi-to and several of its ingredients on the delay of gastric emptying induced by a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor,After oral administration of L-NNA to rats, the gastric emptying rate at 24 h was decreased from 82.8 ± 2.4% to 53.3 ± 5.7%. The decrease of the gastric emptying rate induced by L-NNA treatment was markedly ameliorated by administration of Rikkunshi-to (250 and 500 mg / kg, p.o.) in a dose-dependent manner. To identify the active ingredient of Rikkunshi-to, the components were separated according to polarity, and the effects of the respective fractions on gastric emptying were evaluated. Significant efficacy was found in the water and methanol fractions, but not in the 50% aqueous-methanol fraction. Furthermore, hesperidin (1 -4.29 mg / kg, p.o.) contained in the methanol fraction and L-arginine (4.5 mg / kg, p.o.) contained in the water fraction ameliorated the decrease in the gastric emptying rate induced by L-NNA treatment. These results suggest that Rikkunshi-to ameliorated abnormalities of NO-mediated gastric functions such as delayed gastric emptying, and hesperidin and L-arginine were identified as two of the active ingredients contributing to the ability of Rikkunshi-to to facilitate gastric emptying.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rikkunshi-to, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, on the Delay of Gastric Emptying Induced by NG-Nitro-L-arginine

et al. 2005

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“…Based on the empirical results, the effects are assumed to be due to changes in the levels of gut-motor regulatory hormones (i.e., SS, gastrin, motilin, and VIP). 39,40) On the other hand, these Kampo medicines regulate plasma ACTH and cortisol levels in the HPA axis. 23) In addition to these actions, Rikkunshi-to and Hange-shashin-to were found to affect plasma NPY levels in this study.…”

Section: Fig 2 Elution Profiles Of Plasma Extracts By Hplc On a C 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Some Kampo Medicines on Plasma Levels of Neuropeptide Y under Venipuncture Stress

Sato

Katagiri

Takeyama

2005

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Some traditional Chinese herbal (Kampo) medicines have recently been evaluated for their clinical usefulness in stress and depression. These medicines have modulatory effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system (SNS). We examined the effects of Rikkunshi-to, Hange-shashin-to, Hangekoboku-to, and Ninjin-to on plasma levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is the representative neurotransmitter of the SNS, under venipuncture stress. Rikkunshi-to and Hange-shashin-to suppressed increases in plasma NPY-immunoreactive substance levels compared with the response to a placebo. In this study, Rikkunshi-to and Hange-shashin-to altered plasma levels of NPY under venipuncture stress. These effects might be benefical in stress-related diseases and our results suggest that these medicines have clinical pharmacologic activity.

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“…Naito et al investigated several Kampo medicines, including Pinelliae Tuber and Zingiberis Rhizoma. [4][5][6] Kampo medicines, such as Rikkunshi-to, Hange-shashin-to and Hange-koboku-to, usually use longterm administration to treat chronic hypofunction. But the Kampo medicines that consist of multiple herbs, such as Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to, are administered to treat acute hypofunction.…”

Section: -3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10) On Kampo medicine, Nagano et al investigated the effect of Daikenchu-to on gastrointestinal peptides, 1,2) and Naito et al also reported the effects of some Kampo medicines on gastrointestinal peptides. [4][5][6]11) On the gastroprotective function as a neural emergency system, sensory afferent neurons in the gastrointestinal mucosa regulate neuropeptide (calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and tachykinins (substance P etc.)) levels and play various physiological roles.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to on Gastrointestinal Peptide Concentrations in the Plasma of Healthy Human Subjects

Katagiri

Takeyama

2004

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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In many cases, traditional Chinese herbal (Kampo) medicines have been used in the empirical treatment of chronic hypofunction. In recent years, some Kampo medicines used to treat those experiential gastrointestinal diseases have been elucidated pharmacologically from the viewpoint of gut-regulated hormone levels. Among these medicines, Dai-kenchuto increases gastrointestinal motility and relieves bowel obstruction. These effects were reported to cause significant increases in the levels of motilin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in human plasma. 1-3)Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to, a Kampo medicine, is prepared from three herbs: Pinelliae Tuber, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Hoelen. The medicine has been used for thousands years for the treatment of nausea, vomiting, acute and chronic gastritis and upper gastrointestinal function abnormalities (gastric atony). Especially, it has been widely used to treat the hyperemesis of pregnancy. Naito et al. investigated several Kampo medicines, including Pinelliae Tuber and Zingiberis Rhizoma. [4][5][6] Kampo medicines, such as Rikkunshi-to, Hange-shashin-to and Hange-koboku-to, usually use longterm administration to treat chronic hypofunction. But the Kampo medicines that consist of multiple herbs, such as Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to, are administered to treat acute hypofunction. Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to is often used for treatment of motion sickness or acute nausea. Furthermore, there is a report that Kampo medicines which include Pinelliae Tuber, i.e. Hange-koboku-to, Hange-shashin-to and Shohange-ka-bukuryo-to, were effective against nausea or vomiting as side effects of anticancer drugs. 7)Generally nausea or vomiting is caused by stimulation of the vomiting center located in the medulla oblongata. Vomiting is subclassified into central vomiting and reflex vomiting. The former is caused by brain hypertension (e.g. cerebral tumor, subarachnoidal hemorrhage or meningitis), stimulation from a labyrinth, vestibule or cerebellum (e.g. motor sickness and Meniere's disease), mental stimulation from the cerebral cortex (e.g. unrest, hatred, hysteria or depression) or stimulation via the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), which receives drugs (morphine, alcohol and anticancer drugs etc.), abnormalities of the metabolic or internal secretion system, bacterial toxins etc., and transmits these stimulations to the vomiting center. The latter is caused by stimulations via afferent nerves from the tongue, pharynx and internal organs (i.e. diseases related to the digestive system). Especially, vomiting is promoted by conditions that slow gastric emptying. CTZ has a dopamine D 2 receptor and a 5-hydroxytriptamine (serotonin) 5-HT 3 receptor. These receptors are also located in the stomach or intestine, and they are assumed to regulate gastrointestinal motility. 8)One of the gastrointestinal motility regulatory factors on empirical effects has been assumed to be the induction of changes in the levels of peptides (gastrin, somatostatin, motilin and VIP) in plasma. Itoh et al. reported that cisapride...

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Rikkunshi-to Raises Levels of Somatostatin and Gastrin in Human Plasma.

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of Rikkunshi-to, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, on the Delay of Gastric Emptying Induced by NG-Nitro-L-arginine

Effects of Rikkunshi-to, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, on the Delay of Gastric Emptying Induced by NG-Nitro-L-arginine

Effects of Some Kampo Medicines on Plasma Levels of Neuropeptide Y under Venipuncture Stress

Effect of Sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to on Gastrointestinal Peptide Concentrations in the Plasma of Healthy Human Subjects

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