Rights, justice, and equity: a global agenda for child health and wellbeing

Goldhagen, Jeffrey; Shenoda, Sherry; Oberg, Charles N.; Mercer, Raúl; Kadir, Ayesha; Raman, Shanti; Waterston, Tony; Spencer, Nicholas J

doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30346-3

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Inequity in immunisation access is a violation of the child’s right to survival and optimal healthcare (United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child Articles 6 and 24). 6 Although our search strategy included all major clinical/medical, sociological and preprint databases, reports and publications in the grey literature from non-governmental organisations and governments may have been missed. Our rapid review did not find any publications in the international literature encompassing pandemics and epidemics since 1900 with data on reduction in routine childhood vaccination by equity stratifiers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics, epidemics and inequities in routine childhood vaccination coverage: a rapid review

Spencer

Nathawad

Arpin

et al. 2020

bmjpo

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Inequity in routine childhood vaccination coverage is well researched. Pandemics disrupt infrastructure and divert health resources from preventive care, including vaccination programmes, leading to increased vaccine preventable morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 control measures have resulted in coverage reductions. We conducted a rapid review of the impact of pandemics on existing inequities in routine vaccination coverage. PICO search framework: Population: children 0–18 years; Intervention/exposure: pandemic/epidemic; Comparison: inequality; Outcome: routine vaccination coverage. The review demonstrates a gap in the literature as none of the 29 papers selected for full-paper review from 1973 abstracts identified from searches met the inclusion criteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics, epidemics and inequities in routine childhood vaccination coverage: a rapid review

Spencer

Nathawad

Arpin

et al. 2020

bmjpo

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“…177 In opposing this trend and calling for a public health approach that builds SSNRs, the AAP is working to translate the latest developmental science into practices and public policies (see 87,88 and racism 166 and for public policies that promote relational health, inclusion, and equity. 111,[188][189][190][191]…”

Section: A Renewed Commitment To Science-based Policy Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing Childhood Toxic Stress: Partnering With Families and Communities to Promote Relational Health

2021

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By focusing on the safe, stable, and nurturing relationships (SSNRs) that buffer adversity and build resilience, pediatric care is on the cusp of a paradigm shift that could reprioritize clinical activities, rewrite research agendas, and realign our collective advocacy. Driving this transformation are advances in developmental sciences as they inform a deeper understanding of how early life experiences, both nurturing and adverse, are biologically embedded and influence outcomes in health, education, and economic stability across the life span. This revised policy statement on childhood toxic stress acknowledges a spectrum of potential adversities and reaffirms the benefits of an ecobiodevelopmental model for understanding the childhood origins of adult-manifested disease and wellness. It also endorses a paradigm shift toward relational health because SSNRs not only buffer childhood adversity when it occurs but also promote the capacities needed to be resilient in the future. To translate this relational health framework into clinical practice, generative research, and public policy, the entire pediatric community needs to adopt a public health approach that builds relational health by partnering with families and communities. This public health approach to relational health needs to be integrated both vertically (by including primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions) and horizontally (by including public service sectors beyond health care). The American Academy of Pediatrics asserts that SSNRs are biological necessities for all children because they mitigate childhood toxic stress responses and proactively build resilience by fostering the adaptive skills needed to cope with future adversity in a healthy manner.

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“…Of the included reviews, four were systematic reviews (Table 2) [21][22][23][24], three were technical and commissioned reports (Table 3) [13,25,26] and 16 were narrative reviews, or opinion pieces with substantive literature reviews (Table 4) [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] All reviews and reports were published in international peer-reviewed journals with the exception of the Assembly of First Nations Report which was included as the challenges faced by indigenous children and their families are under-represented in the literature. Sixteen reviews The primary theme of interest in the scoping review was the association of climate change and child health inequalities reported in three specific dimensions; within country differences by social groups, between country differences (LMICs vs. HICs), and living in specific geographical locations.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Child Health Inequality: A Review of Reviews

Arpin

Gauffin

Kerr

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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There is growing evidence on the observed and expected consequences of climate change on population health worldwide. There is limited understanding of its consequences for child health inequalities, between and within countries. To examine these consequences and categorize the state of knowledge in this area, we conducted a review of reviews indexed in five databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts). Reviews that reported the effect of climate change on child health inequalities between low- and high-income children, within or between countries (high- vs low–middle-income countries; HICs and LMICs), were included. Twenty-three reviews, published between 2007 and January 2021, were included for full-text analyses. Using thematic synthesis, we identified strong descriptive, but limited quantitative, evidence that climate change exacerbates child health inequalities. Explanatory mechanisms relating climate change to child health inequalities were proposed in some reviews; for example, children in LMICs are more susceptible to the consequences of climate change than children in HICs due to limited structural and economic resources. Geographic and intergenerational inequalities emerged as additional themes from the review. Further research with an equity focus should address the effects of climate change on adolescents/youth, mental health and inequalities within countries.

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Rights, justice, and equity: a global agenda for child health and wellbeing

Cited by 37 publications

References 32 publications

Pandemics, epidemics and inequities in routine childhood vaccination coverage: a rapid review

Pandemics, epidemics and inequities in routine childhood vaccination coverage: a rapid review

Preventing Childhood Toxic Stress: Partnering With Families and Communities to Promote Relational Health

Climate Change and Child Health Inequality: A Review of Reviews

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