Right unilateral lung agenesis with dextroposition; the first case in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

In 1673, the first case of lung agenesis was reported during an autopsy. Since then many more similar cases were reported and a classification of these cases developed for better medical management. Those cases ranged from hypoplasia to aplasia or agenesis of the lung tissue, with a survival rate of less than 50% by the age of 5 years in cases of agenesis. More commonly affecting the left side than the right, here we present a case of a late presentation of right lung agenesis in a young 24-year-old female. Who presented with multiple episodes of shortness of breath over a year. When examined she had an asymmetric chest and dull right sided auscultation. The x-ray done showed a homogeneous opacity in the right upper, middle and lower zone with shift of the mediastinum to the right side, making the heart in dextroposition. Watchfulness need to be maintained when encountering patients with simple complaint, as sometimes, it is not just the normal anatomy.

Case Report: Transcatheter treatment of aortic coarctation in a 58-year-old patient with LACHT syndrome and left lung agenesis

“…LACHT syndrome, or Mardini-Nyhan association, is an extremely rare disorder and is characterized by complex cardiac vascular malformations and skeletal abnormalities ( 2 , 3 ). Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital developmental defect and is classified into three types according to the complete or partial absence of the lung parenchyma, bronchus, and pulmonary artery ( 1 , 4 ). Nearly half of the cases of pulmonary agenesis are accompanied by other congenital abnormalities affecting various systems ( 2 ).…”