Right tree, right place, right time: A visual-functional design approach to select and place trees for optimal shade benefit to commuting pedestrians

Langenheim, Nano; White, Marcus; Tapper, Nigel; Livesley, Stephen J.; Ramírez-Lovering, Diego

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2019.101816

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Thermal perception and acceptance studies conducted through surveys throughout the world 14 – 17 connect the microclimate and comfort of the people in it. These developments allow to evaluate and introduce the design and planning measures to improve pedestrian thermal environments through green 18 – 20 and built 21 , 22 shading infrastructure, orientation of buildings 23 as well as smart path planning 24 , 25 . Yet, to evaluate the implication of these design and planning solutions for urban residents, it is necessary to gain a quantitative understanding of pedestrian behavioural responses to varying urban microclimates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural thermal regulation explains pedestrian path choices in hot urban environments

Melnikov

Christopoulos

Krzhizhanovskaya

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Due to phenomena such as urban heat islands, outdoor thermal comfort of the cities’ residents emerges as a growing concern. A major challenge for mega-cities in changing climate is the design of urban spaces that ensure and promote pedestrian thermal comfort. Understanding pedestrian behavioural adaptation to urban thermal environments is critically important to attain this goal. Current research in pedestrian behaviour lacks controlled experimentation, which limits the quantitative modelling of such complex behaviour. Combining well-controlled experiments with human participants and computational methods inspired by behavioural ecology and decision theory, we examine the effect of sun exposure on route choice in a tropical city. We find that the distance walked in the shade is discounted by a factor of 0.86 compared to the distance walked in the sun, and that shadows cast by buildings have a stronger effect than trees. The discounting effect is mathematically formalised and thus allows quantification of the behaviour that can be used in understanding pedestrian behaviour in changing urban climates. The results highlight the importance of assessment of climate through human responses to it and point the way forward to explore scenarios to mitigate pedestrian heat stress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural thermal regulation explains pedestrian path choices in hot urban environments

Melnikov

Christopoulos

Krzhizhanovskaya

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Evidence has also shown that the presence of greenery encourages physical activity; the presence of street-level green space may positively correlate with increased time spent walking [83]. People in dense urban environments are also more incentivized to walk to their destination when street trees are planted closer together [84]. Urban streets have the potential to provide a space for both transportation walking, to reach a destination, as well as recreational walking for pleasure, stress relief, and other health reasons [83].…”

Section: Results: a Conceptual Typology Of Practical Green Design mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greening Blocks: A Conceptual Typology of Practical Design Interventions to Integrate Health and Climate Resilience Co-Benefits

Barron

Nitoslawski

Wolf

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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It is increasingly evident that exposure to green landscape elements benefits human health. Urban green space in cities is also recognized as a crucial adaptation response to changes in climate and its subsequent effects. The exploration of conceptual and practical intersections between human health, green spaces, and climate action is needed. Evidence-based guidance is needed for stakeholders, practitioners, designers, and citizens in order to assess and manage urban green spaces that maximize co-benefits for both human health and climate resilience. This paper proposes interventions that provide strategic green space enhancement at the neighborhood and block scale. We propose eight tangible green space interventions and associated metrics to integrate climate resilience and population health co-benefits into urban green space design and planning: View from within, Plant entrances, Bring nature nearby, Retain the mature, Generate diversity, Create refuge, Connect experiences, and Optimize green infrastructure. These interventions represent a hierarchy of functional design concepts that respond to experiential qualities and physical/psychological dimensions of health, and which enhance resilience at a range of social scales from the individual to the neighborhood. The interventions also reveal additional research needs in green space design, particularly in neighborhood-level contexts.

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“…The ecodesign strategy on street furniture elements was proposed by Allameh [9], while Langenheim offer solutions to climate, transportation, and public health problems by planting trees [24]. There are 4 main principles according to Rehan in sustainable streetscape and there are several elements of sustainable streetscape that are important to pay attention to on urban streets [12].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ecodesign strategies for street furniture proposed by Allameh as shown in figure 6 [9], include; product design with a manufacturing system, long life, energy efficiency, a product with a module system (figure 7), multi-function, use of recycled materials, and the product can be recycled. Meanwhile, solutions to climate, transportation, and public health problems by planting the right trees, at the right place and time for shade are offered by Langenheim [24]. Ecological design principles can be applied across a continuum of spatial scales, such as homes, neighborhoods and industrial estates, and manufacturing [13].…”

Section: Eco-designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-design concept of street corridors as a city image forming

Amir

Bonifacius

Poerwoningsih

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Street corridor landscape is an important part of open space for city sustainability but is often neglected in urban development. Road corridors, connecting urban spaces can act as city gates because they provide a visual impact on the city. Urban road corridors are places for people with different social backgrounds, ages, and genders to engage in activities. The road corridor should play an important role in shaping the image of the city because it becomes a visual display case for the city gate. This article aims to find out the researchers’ views on the eco-design concept of road corridor landscapes that form the image of the city. The eco-design concept was proposed as an answer to the environmental, energy efficiency, and sustainability issues that are currently emerging, this is in line with the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper uses a qualitative descriptive method, describing secondary data from research journals about the concept of ecodesign. The conclusion shows that the urban road corridor landscape can be arranged and improved with an eco-design concept strategy to improve the image of the city towards a sustainable city.

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Right tree, right place, right time: A visual-functional design approach to select and place trees for optimal shade benefit to commuting pedestrians

Cited by 41 publications

References 55 publications

Behavioural thermal regulation explains pedestrian path choices in hot urban environments

Behavioural thermal regulation explains pedestrian path choices in hot urban environments

Greening Blocks: A Conceptual Typology of Practical Design Interventions to Integrate Health and Climate Resilience Co-Benefits

Eco-design concept of street corridors as a city image forming

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