Right translated AES gray S‐boxes

Abstract

This article deals with an algorithm for the generation of impregnable substitution boxes (S-box). The proposed scheme involves the application of right translation and Gray codes over the original Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) S-box. Regular representation of Galois field GF(2 8 ) is used to produce the translational effect in the AES S-box. The translated AES S-box is then subjected to Gray codes for the enhancement in their algebraic complexity. The proposed scheme results 256 different cryptographically strong S-boxes. Several tests such as non-linearity, bit independence, strict avalanche, linear approximation and differential approximation, algebraic complexity, correlation and histogram are implemented on every newly generated S-box to analyze their resistance against computational attacks. Furthermore, the newly generated S-boxes are compared with the existing well-known S-boxes. The simulation results indicate that the resistance of proposed S-boxes against computational attacks including linear, interpolation, differential and algebraic attacks approaches to the optimal values.

Bijective S-Boxes Method Using Improved Chaotic Map-Based Heuristic Search and Algebraic Group Structures

“…The algebraic based construction of S-boxes has been rigorously investigated in literature [49][50][51][52]. The second half of the proposed hybrid method involves the algebraic group based cryptographic features improvisation of Sboxes generated in previous section III.A.…”

“…Hence, through bijection from I Ωi to A 1 , we get S-box S 1 which is shown in Table 6. The finite group G 6 =<x, y, z: x:= (1,38,17,51) y:= (2,48,18,57,30,61,41,32,44,22,35,43,34,62,11,16,58,37,53,10,46,47,29,45,24,56,20,8,6 on the index set of A 2 generates a distinct S-box. After thorough analysis and research, it has been revealed that the S-box related to the element x 3 y 47 z 5 ϵ G 6 offers the highest average value of non-linearity.…”

“…After thorough analysis and research, it has been revealed that the S-box related to the element x 27 y 11 t 3 u 3 v 2 ϵ G 7 offers the highest average value of non-linearity. Hence, through bijection from I Ωi to A 3 , we get S-box S 3 which is shown in Table (1,26,109,163,104,230,145,231,223,172,37,126,92,67,97,140,232,22,59,214,180,113,237,12,226,51,128,215,233,90,105,219,149,52,221,70,244,17,242,179,68,176,120,134,56,222,194,9,63,116,110,169,256,196,240,117,19...…”

Tweakable parallel OFB mode of operation with delayed thread synchronization

“…In case of the 256‐bit protection an initial 256‐bit long key is extended to required 240 bytes. Plaintext or an initialization vector is copied into a 4 x 4 byte matrix called State . Then, State matrix is mixed during the initial round with bytes of the extended key.…”

An Injective S-Box Design Scheme over an Ordered Isomorphic Elliptic Curve and Its Characterization

“…The newly generated S-boxes have high resistance against linear and differential attacks. Khan and Azam [12] proposed a method for the construction of multiple S-boxes based on a group action and Gray codes. Similarly, Khan and Azam [13] presented another algorithm for the design of S-boxes based on affine and power mappings.…”