Right insular damage decreases heartbeat awareness and alters cardio-visual effects on bodily self-consciousness

Ronchi, Roberta; Bello-Ruiz, Javier; Łukowska, Marta; Herbelin, Bruno; Cabrilo, Ivan; Schaller, Karl; Blanke, Olaf

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.02.010

Cited by 80 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…The involvement of the insula in BSC and self-location is in line with the prominent involvement of the insula neurons in the processing of bodily multisensory signals (Craig, 2002(Craig, , 2009Critchley, 2004;Critchley et al, 2004), including vestibular signals (Indovina et al, 2005;Mazzola et al, 2014). The insula is also the primary region processing interoceptive signals (Craig, 2002;Critchley et al, 2004) and has recently been shown to mediate changes in self-identification and self-location based on cardio-visual stimulation in the full-body illusion (Aspell et al, 2013;Ronchi et al, 2015), illusory own-body perceptions due to interoceptive-exteroceptive disintegration in neurological patients and hand ownership (Tsakiris et al, 2007). Thus this brain region, by processing and integrating multisensory signals from the outside and the inside of the body, may play a primary role in self-consciousness, as suggested by recent reviews (Craig, 2002(Craig, , 2009Seth, 2013).…”

Section: Self-face Perception and Face Ownershipmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…: Jeannerod, 2003;Gallese and Sinigaglia, 2010;Haggard and Chambon, 2012;Marcel, 2003;interoception: Craig, 2002;Damasio, 2003;Seth, 2013). Current research has also started to study global aspects of BSC (selfidentification and self-location) based on interoceptive signals (Aspell et al, 2013;Ronchi et al, 2015) and sensorimotor signals (Kannape et al, 2010;Kannape and Blanke, 2013). However, in the present paper we focus on multisensory brain mechanisms of exteroceptive bodily signals as, we believe, this is the simplest account for BSC (see also Blanke and Metzinger, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Behavioral, Neural, and Computational Principles of Bodily Self-Consciousness

Blanke

Slater

Serino

2015

Neuron

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Recent work in human cognitive neuroscience has linked self-consciousness to the processing of multisensory bodily signals (bodily self-consciousness [BSC]) in fronto-parietal cortex and more posterior temporo-parietal regions. We highlight the behavioral, neurophysiological, neuroimaging, and computational laws that subtend BSC in humans and non-human primates. We propose that BSC includes body-centered perception (hand, face, and trunk), based on the integration of proprioceptive, vestibular, and visual bodily inputs, and involves spatio-temporal mechanisms integrating multisensory bodily stimuli within peripersonal space (PPS). We develop four major constraints of BSC (proprioception, body-related visual information, PPS, and embodiment) and argue that the fronto-parietal and temporo-parietal processing of trunk-centered multisensory signals in PPS is of particular relevance for theoretical models and simulations of BSC and eventually of self-consciousness.

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Section: Self-face Perception and Face Ownershipmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Behavioral, Neural, and Computational Principles of Bodily Self-Consciousness

Blanke

Slater

Serino

2015

Neuron

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576

510

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“…Ronchi et al [41] demonstrated in one patient that IAc as measured by the heartbeat detection task by Schandry was decreased after right insula resection. Terasawa and co-workers [42] also found reduced IAc in patients suffering from insula damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in interoceptive processes following brain stimulation

Pollatos

Herbert

Mai

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The processing and perception of individual internal bodily signals (interoception) has been differentiated to comprise different levels and processes involved. The so-called heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP) offers an additional possibility to examine automatic processing of cardiac signals. Knowledge on neural structures potentially supporting different facets of interoception is still sparse. One way to get insights into neuroanatomical function is to manipulate the activity of different brain structures. In this study, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and a continuous theta-burst protocol to inhibit specific central locations of the interoceptive network including the right anterior insula and the right somatosensory cortices and assessed effects on interoceptive facets and the HEP in 18 male participants. Main results were that inhibiting anterior insula resulted in a significant decline in cardiac and respiratory interoceptive accuracy (IAc) and in a consistent decrease in perception confidence. Continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) over somatosensory cortices reduced only cardiac IAc and affected perception confidence. Inhibiting right anterior insula and right somatosensory cortices increased interoceptive sensibility and reduced the HEP amplitude over frontocentral locations. Our findings strongly suggest that cTBS is an effective tool to investigate the neural network supporting interoceptive processes. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health’.

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“…is to reduce overidentification with the physical body and ego-self, as a means of ameliorating mental-emotional suffering. Many of the NOC practices associated with these traditions directly operate on BSC, such as out-of-body experiences, lucid dreaming, cultivating alternate body schemas and models, qi gong, hypnagogic states, and heightened interoceptive awareness (which crucially involves the insula and a brain region that also regulates self-identification and self-location) (Aspell et al, 2013;Ronchi et al, 2015), among myriad others. The methods of NOC thereby offer a treasury of techniques by which to entrain non-ordinary BSC for both consciousness-related scientific research and education.…”

Section: Non-ordinary Consciousnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality for Non-Ordinary Consciousness

Montes

2018

Front. Robot. AI

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Virtual reality (VR) technology is currently seeing a surge of interest in industry, academia, and the public. Myriad developments are already underway, aiming to bring the technology directly to users in ways that offer access to rich virtual multisensory experiences. The immersivity that VR offers is enabled by the brain's constraints on processing bodily self-consciousness (BSC), which anchors self-identity and -location to the physical body. Current developments are focused on leveraging the face-value constraints of BSC to craft immersive VR experiences that are plausible to the human user; i.e., most VR applications today take advantage of BSC as a "trick" or illusion that the body plays on the mind. However, the malleability of BSC can be more powerfully approached as an asset for enhancing the repertoire of body representations and plasticity available to everyday human experience. By manipulating the boundaries of self-local experience, VR can be used as a tool for the cultivation of non-ordinary consciousness (NOC). Such an approach would have the potential to equip society with novel pathways for studying the farther reaches of consciousness and providing opportunities for access to enhanced conscious experiences in everyday life, with far-reaching philosophical and ethical implications. BODiLY SELF-COnSCiOUSnESSA growing body of work in cognitive neuroscience and philosophy of mind has characterized the multisensory mechanisms governing the integration of bodily signals on which VR relies, or what is called BSC (Blanke et al., 2015). Beginning in neurological patients, this work has extended into healthy subjects and received much attention with bodily illusion paradigms, such as the rubber-hand illusion, enfacement illusion, and the full-body illusion, in which a study subject experiences the subject sense that a hand, face, or other body, respectively, is their own. The full-body illusion was developed using VR, and the rubber hand and enfacement illusions, while developed without using VR, were eventually applied in VR. These paradigms have revealed that such illusory experiences can be achieved through the spatiotemporal manipulation of visuotactile, and sometimes vestibular and auditory, inputs in relation to body parts, either directly or within the behaviorally and neurophysiologically defined potential space-the peripersonal space (PPS)-immediately surrounding the stimulated body part. Empirical data suggest two major brain networks underlying BSC: a frontoparietal one (intraparietal sulcus and premotor cortex; IPS and PMC, respectively) for processing signals related to circumscribed body parts, e.g., hand and face, and a temporoparietal one (supramarginal gyrus, insula, superior temporal gyrus) for processing signals for trunk-based self-identification and self-location. In addition, it has been demonstrated that vestibular processing contributes significantly to anchoring self-location with the physical body (Pfeiffer et al., 2013).Four principal constraints on multisensory integration hav...

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Right insular damage decreases heartbeat awareness and alters cardio-visual effects on bodily self-consciousness

Cited by 80 publications

References 70 publications

Behavioral, Neural, and Computational Principles of Bodily Self-Consciousness

Behavioral, Neural, and Computational Principles of Bodily Self-Consciousness

Changes in interoceptive processes following brain stimulation

Virtual Reality for Non-Ordinary Consciousness

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