“…A pseudoaneurysm, unlike a true aneurysm, which is a partial expansion of vessel diameter by 1.5 times and consisting of all 3 layers of the vessel wall tissues, is a partial arterial defect which results in vascular leaks surrounded by soft tissue, a hematoma, or a thin fibrous capsule, forming patent turbulent blood flow in a defined space beyond the confines of the vessels. A pseudoaneurysm is mainly caused by iatrogenic injury (vascular interventional treatment, [ 11 ] lumbar disc surgery, [ 21 ] kidney transplantation, [ 22 ] etc), infection (bacteria, [ 23 , 24 ] tuberculosis, [ 25 ] or fungi [ 26 ] ), some diseases (lymphoma, [ 27 ] Behcet disease, [ 28 – 30 ] etc), and noniatrogenic trauma. Hematomas form surrounding the injured portion of the vessel where lysis occurs as time proceeds, creating a confined space with an intravascular–extravascular connection, thus forming a pseudoaneurysm.…”