Right Duct Lymph Flow in Dogs Measured by a New Method

Uhley, Herman N.; Leeds, Sanford E.; Sampson, John J.; Friedman, Meyer; Baird, Eleanor F.; Patel, Surendra Kumar

doi:10.1378/chest.37.5.532

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Courtice (1956) in the dog and cat, Schooley (1958) in the rat, and Rabin & Mayer (1960) in the dog, obtained lymph from the lungs by cannulating the right lymph duct low down in the neck. Uhley, Leeds, Sampson & Friedman (1960) described the construction of a venous sac for the collection of right lymph duct lymph, a modification of which was used in the present experiments. Uhley, Leeds, Sampson & Friedman (1961) confirmed that after ligation of the thoracic duct at diaphragmatic level in dogs, lymph flow virtually ceased from this vessel in the neck.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dye from the lungs also entered lymph vessels which joined the thoracic duct. In ewes and lambs a modification was developed of the technique described by Uhley, Leeds, Sampson & Friedman (1960) for the collection of right lymph duct lymph. A venous sac was constructed by ligating the right subclavian, cephalic, omocervical, internal jugular and external jugular veins and placing a curved clamp proximal to the junction of the subclavian and jugular veins as shown in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pulmonary lymph flow and the uptake of liquid from the lungs of the lamb at the start of breathing

Humphreys¹,

Normand²,

Reynolds³

et al. 1967

The Journal of Physiology

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. Lymph from the lungs of lambs and sheep was found to enter both the right lymph duct and the thoracic duct. Right lymph duct flow was collected by constructing a venous sac, the venous tributaries of which were ligated but which the right lymph duct entered; thoracic duct flow was collected by cannulating the duct. Lymph from sites other than the lungs was excluded from the collections.2. Measurements were made of the surface tension characteristics of lung extracts and of the liquid present in foetal lungs. These values were used together with gestational age and crown-rump length to designate the foetal lambs into mature and immature groups.3. Lymph flow from the lungs averaged 0.99 ml./kg body wt./hr in immature foetal lambs, and 1.81 ml./kg/hr in mature foetal lambs before the start of ventilation. Lymph flow from the lungs of spontaneously delivered new-born lambs (mean age 51 hr) averaged 0.86 ml./kg/hr. In adult ewes right lymph duct flow averaged 0.11 ml./kg/hr and total lung lymph flow was estimated indirectly to be 0.33 ml./kg/hr. Calculated rates of protein flow in lung lymph (flow x protein concentration) were greater in foetal lambs than in adult sheep.4. Total thoracic duct flow averaged 2.48 ml./kg/hr in immature foetal lambs, 5.30 ml./kg/hr in mature foetal lambs, 3.65 ml./kg/hr in new-born lambs, and 2.92 ml./kg/hr in adult ewes.5. At the start of ventilation there was an increase in lymph flow from the lungs, which at 15-30 min reached a mean of 6.4 ml./kg/hr in mature lambs and 2.6 ml./kg/hr in immature lambs. At the same time the protein concentration of lymph decreased but the calculated protein flow increased.6. The lungs of foetal lambs weighed more than the lungs of spontaneously delivered new-born lambs, and the difference could be accounted for by liquid which could be aspirated through the trachea of the foetal lamb. On ventilation of the lungs for 2 hr, without first allowing the escape of any lung liquid, lung weight measurements indicated that about 66% of the lung liquid had been taken up in mature lambs and about 50% in immature lambs.7. It was concluded that the rate at which lymph is formed in the lungs is greater per kilogram body weight in foetal than in new-born lambs and greater in them than in ewes. The increase in lymph flow at the start of ventilation could account for the removal of about 40% of the liquid present in the lungs of the mature foetus and about 25% of the liquid in the lungs of the immature foetus.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary lymph flow and the uptake of liquid from the lungs of the lamb at the start of breathing

Humphreys¹,

Normand²,

Reynolds³

et al. 1967

The Journal of Physiology

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The lymph drainage from the lung is approximately 1.0–2.0 ml h −1 in the dog (Uhley et al 1960) and 0.35 ml h −1 in the rabbit (Hughes et al 1956). However, as expected from the Starling equation, the flow of lymph is sensitive to both an increase in hydrostatic pressure caused by increments in left atrial pressure and a reduction in oncotic pressure of plasma (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Altering Oncotic Pressure On Rar Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The rapidly adapting receptors in mammalian airways and their responses to changes in extravascular fluid volume

Kappagoda

Ravindran

2006

Experimental Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this short review, we shall focus on some recent findings on the physiological stimulus for the rapidly adapting receptors (RAR) of the airways. They are readily activated by a sustained inflation of the lungs and they are usually identified by their rapid adaptation to this stimulus. They are also activated by both tactile stimuli and irritant gases applied to the epithelium of the airways. The investigations reviewed here suggest that these receptors are activated by changes in extravascular fluid volume. The principal factors governing fluid flux from the microcirculation are identified in the Starling equation. These are the hydrostatic pressure, plasma oncotic pressure and capillary permeability. Findings from recent studies suggest that all these factors increase the activity of RAR. In addition, these receptors are also activated by obstruction of lymph drainage from the lung. Evidence is presented to show that manipulation of Starling forces also increases the extravascular fluid volume of the airways in areas where the RAR are located. On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that, along with mechanosensitivity to stimuli such as stretch, inflation and deflation, another physiological stimulus to the RAR is a change in extravascular fluid volume in the regions of the airways where these receptors are located.

show abstract

“…In the dog, basal right lymphatic duct flow has been determined to be 3-5 ml/hr, 14 represent the contribution of systemic lymph via interconnections with the thoracic duct. 18 Moreover, recent experiments suggest that, on the average, only half of lung lymph is carried in the right lymphatic duct and that there is wide individual variation. 19 Granting that the magnitude of basal pulmonary lymph flow in the dog is not precisely known, if a basal flow of 4 ml/hr is assumed and flow completely ceases during a 2-hour experiment, the theoretical accumulation of lung fluid would be only 8 ml.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of systemic venous hypertension to the development of pulmonary edema in dogs.

Miller¹,

Simi²,

Rice³

1978

Circulation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INCREASED extravascular lung water (pulmonary edema) has been demonstrated in humans with cor pulmonale, a condition characterized by systemic venous hypertension (SVH), rather than the pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH) seen in classic cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to left heart failure. 1 The latter may additionally show systemic venous hypertension recognized by the clinician as distended neck veins, hepatic congestion and edema of the extremities. Various forms of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema also are accompanied by elevation of central venous pressure (CVP) which is independent of the level of pulmonary venous pressure.2 ' 3 It has been postulated that the lung fluid accumulation seen in cor pulmonale is a conse-

show abstract

Right Duct Lymph Flow in Dogs Measured by a New Method

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Pulmonary lymph flow and the uptake of liquid from the lungs of the lamb at the start of breathing

Pulmonary lymph flow and the uptake of liquid from the lungs of the lamb at the start of breathing

The rapidly adapting receptors in mammalian airways and their responses to changes in extravascular fluid volume

Contribution of systemic venous hypertension to the development of pulmonary edema in dogs.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About