Rifts in Spreading Wax Layers

Ragnarsson, Rolf; Ford, JL; Santangelo, Christian; Bodenschatz, Eberhard

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.982

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…They decrease with increasing rotational frequency up to ≈ 0. In order to understand the intrinsic structure of band 6, theoretical calculations were carried out within the framework of the configuration-dependent CNS formalism [14,[24][25][26]. These calculations allow to distinguish between single-particle orbitals with the main amplitude in different groups of j-shells (i.e., either in a high-j intruder shell or distributed over the other j-shells within an N -shell).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly deformed high-spin band in125I

et al. 2011

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High-spin states in125 I have been investigated using the reaction 82 Se( 48 Ca,p4n) at a beam energy of 200 MeV and γ-ray coincidence events were detected using the Gammasphere spectrometer. A deformed rotational band, extending up to I π = 95/2 − , was observed for the first time in a heavier odd-A iodine nucleus. The characteristics of the band are very similar to those of the highly deformed bands observed recently in neighboring nuclei and it is 'identical' to one of the previously known bands in 126 Xe. The experimental results are compared to Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations and possible configurations for the band are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly deformed high-spin band in125I

et al. 2011

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“…Within the framework of the CNS approach [17,[28][29][30][31], pairing is neglected. Therefore, the results are relevant mainly for high-spin excitations, but also in the intermediate-spin regime (I > 15) reasonable agreement with experimental results was obtained previously for other nuclei [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective and noncollective states in120Te

Nag¹,

Singh²,

Wilson³

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. C

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High-spin states in 120 Te were populated in the reaction 80 Se( 48 Ca, α4n) 120 Te at a beam energy of 207 MeV and γ-ray coincidences were measured using the Gammasphere spectrometer. The previously known level scheme is extended to higher spin and new interband transitions and sidefeeding branches are established. Five highly-deformed rotational bands, extending up to almost I = 50, are observed for the first time. The bands are compared with similar structures found recently in neighboring nuclei. The experimental results are interpreted within the framework of the cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky model. Configuration assignments to several terminating states and to the high-spin bands are discussed.

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“…[10] We use waxes because similar experiments prove useful for understanding features of ridge-transform fault interactions Brune, 1972, 1975;Ragnarsson et al, 1996] and the morphology of lava flows [e.g., Fink and Griffiths, 1992]. At least for lava flows, the interaction between deformation and heat transport governs the surface morphology, and it is possible to make quantitative comparisons between the wax experiments and natural flows [Griffiths, 2000].…”

Section: Experimental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12] In previous studies of wax tectonics Brune, 1972, 1975;Ragnarsson et al, 1996], the wax layer was stretched at a uniform rate in a given direction. In our case, we are interested in the response to cyclic deformation.…”

Section: Experimental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of bands and ridges on Europa by cyclic deformation: Insights from analogue wax experiments

Manga

Sinton

2004

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We perform a set of analogue wax experiments aimed at understanding the processes and conditions that lead to lineament formation on Europa. We heat a layer of wax from below and cool it from above so that a solid layer of wax forms above a molten layer, simulating either the liquid ocean or the actively convecting part of the ice shell. The solid layer of wax is then deformed periodically, simulating the cyclic strain caused by tides or by the satellite's nonsynchronous rotation. We find that the formation and morphology of lineaments that develop in the solid wax layer are governed by two main dimensionless parameters: É, the ratio of the cooling timescale for the solid layer to the deformation timescale, and the dilation quotient g, which is defined as the magnitude of net extension during one cycle of deformation divided by the amplitude of the periodic deformation. For É $ 1, features form that qualitatively resemble bands and ridge complexes on Europa. We conclude that diurnal tides may be responsible for the formation of bands on Europa if the conducting layer of ice is a few hundred meters thick and is underlain by a convecting layer of ice. Features resembling double ridges can form if the ice shell has a thickness of a few kilometers and periodic strains are caused by Europa's nonsynchronous rotation.

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Rifts in Spreading Wax Layers

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Highly deformed high-spin band in125I

Highly deformed high-spin band in125I

Collective and noncollective states in120Te

Formation of bands and ridges on Europa by cyclic deformation: Insights from analogue wax experiments

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