Rifting Venus: Insights from Numerical Modeling

Abstract

Venus is a terrestrial planet with dimensions similar to the Earth, but a vastly different geodynamic evolution, with recent studies debating the occurrence and extent of tectoniclike processes happening on the planet. The precious direct data that we have for Venus is very little, and there are only few numerical modeling studies concerning lithosphericscale processes. However, the use of numerical models has proven crucial for our understanding of large-scale geodynamic processes of the Earth. Therefore, here we adapt 2D thermo-mechanical numerical models of rifting on Earth to Venus to study how the observed rifting structures on the Venusian surface could have been formed. More specifically, we aim to investigate how rifting evolves under the Venusian surface conditions and the proposed lithospheric structure. Our results show that a strong crustal rheology such as diabase is needed to localize strain and to develop a rift under the high surface temperature and pressure of Venus. The evolution of the rift formation is predominantly controlled by the crustal thickness, with a 25 km-thick diabase crust required to produce mantle upwelling and melting. The surface topography produced by our models fits well with the topography profiles of the Ganis and Devana Chasmata for different crustal thicknesses. We therefore speculate that the difference in these rift features on Venus could be due to different crustal thicknesses. Based on the estimated heat flux of Venus, our models indicate that a crust with a global average lower than 35 km is the most likely crustal thickness on Venus.

Rifting Venus: Insights From Numerical Modeling

“…In addition, the same repository provides the input files with properties of the materials and parameters used in this work. The complete data set with the output files in Paraview format (vtu) of all of the models tested in this work can be found on the Zenodo online open access repository Regorda et al (2022).…”