Riesgos Laborales en Trabajadores de Barberías y Peluquerías de Economía Informal: Caracas, Venezuela

Caraballo-Arias, Yohama; Rodríguez, Arturo Rafael; Rivero, Ángel José; Rangel, R.; Covaro, Marcial Barrios

doi:10.4067/s0718-24492013000100005

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…General violence could be considered as the most alarming risk factor affecting the quality of life of Venezuelans, with the soaring statistic of 1 Venezuelan dying every 18 minutes as a result of a violent event [40]. These numbers make Venezuela the country with the second highest homicide rate in the world [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working in Venezuela: How the Crisis has Affected the Labor Conditions

Caraballo-Arias

Madrid

Barrios³

2018

Annals of Global Health

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Background:Venezuela, the country with the largest oil reserves in the world, is facing the worst economic, social and political crisis in its history; which has notably affected the quality of life of the workforce and the entire population.Objectives:Identify and analyze the main social factors derived from the Venezuelan crisis, which are affecting the workers’ health and working conditions.Methods:Document study. Several sources of information from the last twenty years were consulted, ranging from public statistics and reports, newspaper articles, and results of scientific research. The information gathered was carefully studied to ensure that only reliable sources were used to ultimately reach valid conclusions.Results:Both workers from the formal and informal sector and their families are struggling to fulfill their basic needs. Low salaries and soaring inflation have resulted in a dramatic reduction in the purchasing power of the people. General violence and high prices of basic goods are some of the major problems affecting workers both inside and outside of their working environment. Being a formal employee is no longer a guarantee for an acceptable quality of life. As a result, over 1.6 million Venezuelans have left their country since 2015 in a migration crisis never seen before in Latin America.Conclusion:Quality of life and wellbeing of most of the Venezuelan population has being deteriorated in the last 5 years and Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is not a priority for enterprises in the middle of the economic emergency and general deterioration of daily life.Despite the relevance of this problem, research on the subject is very limited. Recent and pertinent data is needed to properly identify and measure the risks and negative consequences that workers and families are exposed caused by the ongoing crisis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hospitals and Medical Schools have been vandalized, equipment has been stolen or is in deplorable shape, and syringes and other surgical material are being re-used [58] affecting not only patients but health care workers. To make matters worse, there is 85% scarcity of medication at local pharmacies [40]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working in Venezuela: How the Crisis has Affected the Labor Conditions

Caraballo-Arias

Madrid

Barrios³

2018

Annals of Global Health

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“…En Venezuela el sector informal constituye una gran fuente de absorción de mano de obra desocupada 16 ; más del 40% de la población trabajadora labora en el sector informal 17 , de la cual se desconoce la proporción que se dedica al bachaqueo, cuyo origen es multifactorial y dentro de sus causas se destacan: 1. Ventajas, como la obtención de importantes ingresos en poco tiempo, la libertad de horario, la evasión de impuestos y la movilidad física.…”

Section: ¿Por Qué Proliferan Los Bachaqueros?unclassified

Bachaqueros. Un Trabajo del Mercado Negro Venezolano

Caraballo-Arias

Santos²,

Porta-Gonzalez

et al. 2017

Cienc Trab.

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Bachaqueros. Un Trabajo del Mercado Negro Venezolano BACHAQUEROS. A VENEZUELAN BLACK MARKET JOBen Venezuela ha generado un nuevo fenómeno laboral llamado bachaqueo, de donde surge el término bachaquero, que nace de la analogía con el bachaco: una hormiga grande que puede llevar consigo grandes cargas de alimentos.1 Aunque el término más lógico debería ser el de bachaco, se le ha denominado bachaquero a quien ejerce esta práctica. Este término se ha convertido incluso en un verbo conjugable (yo bachaqueo, tú bachaqueas, él bachaquea, ella bachaquea, nosotros bachaqueamos…) y ya se ha extendido tanto este fenómeno, haciéndose parte de la cotidianidad, que se ha caricaturizado 2-5 como parte de la expresión y humor ante la adversidad, que caracteriza al venezolano. El bachaqueo tiene sus orígenes entre la década de los años 30 y 40 del siglo XX, con el denominado boom petrolero venezolano 6 en zonas fronterizas de Venezuela con Colombia, donde el contrabando de gasolina hizo surgir a los denominados pimpineros, personas cuya actividad económica principal era la reventa RESUMENEn Venezuela, dentro del sector informal, surge un nuevo fenómeno laboral categorizado como una práctica socioeconómica de características delictivas que está en contra de la Ley de Precios Justos, que lleva por nombre "bachaqueo"; esta actividad se caracteriza por la reventa de productos de primera necesidad a precios que superan hasta 100 veces, o más, su valor oficial. Esta investigación realizó una revisión hemerográfica y de la literatura científica relacionada con el fenómeno del bachaqueo, el mercado negro y la economía informal. El bachaqueo, al posibilitar el autoempleo es difícil de erradicar debido a la rápida obtención de ingresos, además de permitir la libertad de horario y la evasión de impuestos. Las personas que realizan este tipo de actividad constituyen una población susceptible de padecer enfermedades relacionadas con su ocupación debido a los múltiples factores de riesgo a los que se exponen, además de su exclusión del Sistema de Seguridad Social y la falta de acceso a servicios de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo. Basados en experiencias previas, sumado a la disponibilidad cada vez menor de productos regulados a precios falsamente bajos en el mercado venezolano, estimamos que la fuerza del fenómeno llamado bachaqueo, pudiese tender a disminuir. ABSTRACTIn Venezuela, within the informal sector, a new labor phenomenon is categorized as a socioeconomic practice of illegal characteristics that goes against the "Ley de Precios Justos" (Fair Prices Law), called "bachaqueo". This activity is characterized by the resale of basic products at prices that exceed up to 100 times, or more, their official value. This research carried out a review of news and scientific literature related to the phenomenon of "bachaqueo", the black market and the informal economy. The "bachaqueo", by enabling self-employment, is difficult to eliminate due to the incentives created by rapid incomes, time flexibility and tax evasion. People who carry out ...

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“…24 Today OSH is a public health problem because it affects a high percentage of people around the world. 30 And taking the ILO projections into account, in Venezuela it is estimated that 5 deaths occur daily because of occupational accidents. This is alarming considering that 100% of them could be prevented.…”

Section: In Addition To Lopcymat the Organic Labor Law For Male And mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large consequence of this situation is the growth of an informal economy, which has significant potential to create jobs and income but has minimal requirements in education, qualification, technology, and capital. 30 If a person chooses to leave the formal economic sector and enter the informal sector to gain an income, they also have the added benefit of not having to pay taxes, a substantial benefit to the Venezuelan working class.…”

Section: In Addition To Lopcymat the Organic Labor Law For Male And mentioning

confidence: 99%