Ride‐Sharing, Fatal Crashes, and Crime

Dills, Angela K.; Mulholland, Sean E.

doi:10.1002/soej.12255

Cited by 95 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Using Uber's individual-level data and its unique surge pricing, Cohen et al (2016) estimate that UberX created $6.8 billion of consumer surplus in 2015. The indirect effects are less clear: recent evidence shows that Uber could benefit public health by reducing drunk driving accidents and fatalities (Greenwood and Wattal 2017;Peck 2017;Dills and Mulholland 2016), though other work finds that it has not affected traffic fatalities in any way (Brazil and Kirk 2016). However, an important part of understanding the future of Uber and similar services involves measuring its effect on other modes of transportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Uber a substitute or complement for public transit?

Hall

Palsson

Price

2018

Journal of Urban Economics

439

203

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How Uber affects public transit ridership is a relevant policy question facing cities worldwide. Theoretically, Uber's effect on transit is ambiguous: while Uber is an alternative mode of travel, it can also increase the reach and flexibility of transit's fixed-route, fixed-schedule service. We use a difference-indifferences design to measure the effect of Uber on public transit ridership. The design exploits variation across U.S. metropolitan areas in both the intensity of Uber penetration (as measured using data from Google Trends) and the timing of Uber entry. We find that Uber is a complement for the average transit agency. This average effect masks considerable heterogeneity, with Uber being more of a complement in larger cities and for smaller transit agencies. Comparing the effect across modes, we find that Uber's impact on bus ridership follows the same pattern as for total ridership, though for rail ridership, it is a complement for larger agencies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Uber a substitute or complement for public transit?

Hall

Palsson

Price

2018

Journal of Urban Economics

439

203

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show abstract

“…A systematic review suggested that designated driver programmes were not found to be effective in decreasing alcohol-related traffic outcomes. 9 Research has also assessed the effects of network ridesharing on accidents, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] with six studies [10][11][12][13][14][15] looking at the association between network ridesharing and alcohol-impaired driving in the United States (US). Results are mixed, with Martin-Buck, 12 Greenwood and Wattal, 13 Peck 14 and Morrison et al 15 showing reductions in alcoholrelated crashes after Uber was introduced, whereas Brazil and Kirk 10 and Dills and Mulholland 11 did not observe any change in these outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State or market? How to effectively decrease alcohol-related crash fatalities and injuries

Nazif‐Muñoz

Batomen

Oulhote

et al. 2020

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundIt is estimated that more than 270 000 people die yearly in alcohol-related crashes globally. To tackle this burden, government interventions, such as laws which restrict blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels and increase penalties for drunk drivers, have been implemented. The introduction of private-sector measures, such as ridesharing, is regarded as alternatives to reduce drunk driving and related sequelae. However, it is unclear whether state and private efforts complement each other to reduce this public health challenge.MethodsWe conducted interrupted time-series analyses using weekly alcohol-related traffic fatalities and injuries per 1 000 000 population in three urban conglomerates (Santiago, Valparaíso and Concepción) in Chile for the period 2010–2017. We selected cities in which two state interventions—the ‘zero tolerance law’ (ZTL), which decreased BAC, and the ‘Emilia law’ (EL), which increased penalties for drunk drivers—were implemented to decrease alcohol-related crashes, and where Uber ridesharing was launched.ResultsIn Santiago, the ZTL was associated with a 29.1% decrease (95% CI 1.2 to 70.2), the EL with a 41.0% decrease (95% CI 5.5 to 93.2) and Uber with a non-significant 28.0% decrease (95% CI −6.4 to 78.5) in the level of weekly alcohol-related traffic fatalities and injuries per 1 000 000 population series. In Concepción, the EL was associated with a 28.9% reduction (95% CI 4.3 to 62.7) in the level of the same outcome. In Valparaíso, the ZTL had a −0.01 decrease (95% CI −0.02 to −0.00) in the trend of weekly alcohol-related crashes per 1 000 000 population series.ConclusionIn Chile, concomitant decreases of alcohol-related crashes were observed after two state interventions were implemented but not with the introduction of Uber. Relationships between public policy interventions, ridesharing and motor vehicle alcohol-related crashes differ between cities and over time, which might reflect differences in specific local characteristics.

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“…The driving history or criminal background of ridesharing drivers is not always carefully checked by platform companies [9,10]. In this context, there are many potential safety risks for ridesharing passengers [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Evolution of Safety Regulation of the Ridesharing Industry under Social Media Participation

Sun

et al. 2020

Symmetry

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The emergence of ridesharing has spread against the background of the sharing economy. There have been a lot of controversies since the emergence of ridesharing, particularly regarding regulatory issues. The safety regulation of the ridesharing industry involves many parties, including governments, platform companies, and society at large. Currently, because of the influence of information asymmetry, it increases the uncertainty of governments’ regulation effect and the difficulty of making regulation measures. Meanwhile, social media, one of the most important forces of social regulation, has not paid enough attention to playing an appropriate role in the safety regulation of the ridesharing industry. Therefore, this study constructs an evolutionary game model between governments and platform companies that concerns the safety regulations of ridesharing passengers under social media participation. The influence path of social media is explored by model solution and numerical simulation. Our results indicate that social media participation has a positive impact on this safety regulation. Specifically, social media participation could reduce governments’ regulatory costs and encourage it to strictly regulate. The exposure of social media could bring losses to platform companies involved and promote platform companies’ investments in improving passengers’ safety. This study provides a decision basis for governments to introduce social media in the safety regulation of the ridesharing industry.

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Ride‐Sharing, Fatal Crashes, and Crime

Cited by 95 publications

References 32 publications

Is Uber a substitute or complement for public transit?

Is Uber a substitute or complement for public transit?

State or market? How to effectively decrease alcohol-related crash fatalities and injuries

Dynamic Evolution of Safety Regulation of the Ridesharing Industry under Social Media Participation

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