Rickettsial infections

Greene, Craig E.

doi:10.1201/b15174-13

Cited by 187 publications

(468 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

421

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although most of the animals had clinical signs of hepatobiliary disease, these could not be clearly attributed to gallbladder disease in cases from Group 2, as comorbidities were present in most cases. The current literature suggests that bactibilia can be silent until biliary obstruction occurs, hypothesizing that biliary‐venous reflux might lead to systemic sepsis and manifestation of clinical illness 3. Unfortunately, there was insufficient follow‐up information to document resolution of clinical signs or bactibilia after antibiotic treatment, which would have helped to distinguish incidental from clinically important bactibilia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, review of medical records revealed that only about half the dogs in Group 2 with serum cPLI concentration over 200 μg/L had a clinical diagnosis of pancreatitis, suggesting that a disease process other than clinically apparent pancreatitis might have led to leakage of pancreatic enzymes in the remaining dogs. Clinical signs are often similar between both conditions: cholangitis could result in peri‐pancreatic inflammation, and pancreatitis can lead to cholestasis, predisposing to ascending bacterial colonization 3. Small group sizes, retrospective nature of the study and lack of a non‐invasive gold standard for diagnosis of pancreatitis hindered a conclusive examination of a possible causative relationship between bactibilia and increased serum cPLI concentration in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commonly cultured bacteria include normal inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract, such as Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp . Ascending migration from the gut has thus been accepted as the most plausible pathomechanism for bactibilia; however, experimental studies have also documented that hematogenous spread of bacteria from the portal vein is possible 3, 4…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Peters

Glanemann

Garden

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCholecystocentesis can be part of the diagnostic workup of hepatobiliary disease in small animals, but literature on cytological evaluation of bile is scant.ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic utility of cytological assessment of bile aspirates.AnimalsFifty‐six and 78 client‐owned dogs and cats, respectively, with bile collected by cholecystocentesis and submitted to our diagnostic laboratory between 1999 and 2014.MethodsRetrospective study describing cytological findings of bile, concurrent bacterial culture results, hematological and serum biochemical data, gallbladder biopsy results, as well as final diagnosis and complications after cholecystocentesis.ResultsInfectious agents were found in 30% of canine and 22% of feline bile aspirates, and inflammation in 5% and 19% respectively. Presence of microorganisms was more often detected on cytological examination (24%) than by culture (21%). The most common bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp., isolated from 14.8% and 6.7% of cultured samples respectively. Only increased canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentration (cPLI) was significantly associated with the presence of microorganisms, inflammatory cells, or both in bile. Clinically relevant complications of cholecystocentesis occurred in 2 dogs. The majority of the animals undergoing cholecystocentesis suffered from hepatic, pancreatic, gastrointestinal disease, or a combination thereof.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCytological examination of bile is inexpensive and straightforward, and yields diagnostically relevant information that precedes and complements bacterial culture.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Peters

Glanemann

Garden

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ii) Dogs develop relatively low antibody titres in response to vaccination, mostly 1:100 to 1:400 and it may persist at these levels for 1 to 3 months after vaccination (Bolin 1996, Greene et al 2006, Van de Maele et al 2008, therefore, the antitibody titres and the time since vaccination were considered to classify the dogs as serological reactors to MAT. For animals vaccinated from 1 to 3 months before the collection of the blood sample, titres of 1:400 or higher were considered as positives and for dogs vaccinated 3 to 12 months before sampling, titres of 1:200 or higher were considered as positives.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic utility of an immunochromatography test for the detection of Leptospira IgM antibodies in domestic dogs

Azócar-Aedo

Smits²,

Monti

2017

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A cross-sectional study using 99 serum samples of dogs from southern Chile was conducted to determine the diagnostic utility of a rapid immunochromatography assay for the detection of Leptospira specific IgM antibodies as screening test and as a potential aid in the diagnosis of leptospirosis in animals with and without clinical suspicion of the disease. The Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) was used as reference assay. Anti-Leptospira antibodies were detected in 37.3% of the dogs with MAT. Using the immunochromatography test, specific IgM antibodies were found in 13.1% of sampled dogs. The sensitivity of the rapid test as screening assay was 29.7% (95% Confidence Interval=16.4-47.2) and the specificity was 96.7% (95% Confidence Interval=87.8-99.4). 40.0% of the canines with clinical suspicion of leptospirosis and 37.1% of dogs without clinical signs were serological reactors to MAT, but none of MAT reactive dogs with clinical suspicion tested positive in the rapid test. Rapid and user-friendly diagnostic procedures for canine leptospirosis such as this immunochromatography assay could be important tools to use in clinical practice, however, further studies are needed to obtain more information about their utility, considering that diagnostic tests could not have similar performances in different geographic locations, clinical and epidemiological contexts.

show abstract

“…The causative agent is Blastomyces dermatitidis , a dimorphic fungus that exists in an environmental mycelial form and a mammalian host‐associated yeast form. The disease is endemic in several regions within the United States, including the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, Mid‐Atlantic states, and regions of upstate New York 1, 2, 3…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum and UrineBlastomycesAntigen Concentrations as Markers of Clinical Remission in Dogs Treated for Systemic Blastomycosis

Foy

Trepanier

Kirsch³

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundSerum and urine Blastomyces antigen concentrations can be used to diagnose blastomycosis in dogs.Objectives Blastomyces antigen concentrations correlate with clinical remission in dogs during antifungal treatment, and detect disease relapse after treatment discontinuation.Animals21 dogs with newly diagnosed blastomycosis monitored until clinical remission (Treatment Phase), and 27 dogs monitored over 1 year from the time of antifungal discontinuation or until clinical relapse (After Treatment Phase).MethodsProspective study. Dogs were monitored monthly during treatment and every 3 months after treatment discontinuation, with a complete history, physical exam, chest radiographs, and ocular exam. Urine and serum Blastomyces antigen concentrations were measured at each visit using a quantitative enzyme immunoassay.ResultsAt enrollment in the Treatment Phase, Blastomyces antigen was positive in all 21 urine samples (100% sensitivity; 95% CI 85–100%), and in 18 of 20 serum samples (90% sensitivity; 95% CI 70–97%). At 2–4 months of treatment, urine antigen was more sensitive for clinically detectable disease (82%; CI 60–94%) than serum antigen (18%; CI 6–41%). The sensitivity of the urine test for clinical relapse was 71% (CI 36–92%), with close to 100% specificity (CI 84–100%) during after treatment surveillance in this population.ConclusionsUrine Blastomyces antigen testing has high sensitivity for active disease at the time of diagnosis and during treatment, and moderate sensitivity but high specificity for clinical relapse. Urine testing should be useful at the time of diagnosis, when treatment discontinuation is being considered, and anytime there is poor clinical response or suspicion of relapse.

show abstract

Rickettsial infections

Cited by 187 publications

References 0 publications

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Diagnostic utility of an immunochromatography test for the detection of Leptospira IgM antibodies in domestic dogs

Serum and UrineBlastomycesAntigen Concentrations as Markers of Clinical Remission in Dogs Treated for Systemic Blastomycosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About