Richness, distribution and important areas to preserve Bulbophyllum in the Neotropics

Smidt, Eric de Camargo; Silva-Pereira, Viviane; Borba, Eduardo Leite; Berg, Cássio van den

doi:10.15517/lank.v7i1-2.18448

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Its distribution is pantropical, occurring in Australasia and the American tropics, but its greatest diversity is concentrated in South‐East Asia (Vermeulen, , ; Dressler, ; Siegerist, ). In the Neotropics, the genus is represented by 62 species (Smidt et al ., ) with a distribution ranging from northern Mexico to southern Brazil (Smidt et al ., ). The greatest diversity of Neotropical Bulbophyllum is found in south‐eastern Brazil in contact areas between the Atlantic rainforest and cerrado vegetation (Smidt et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

What do floral anatomy and micromorphology tell us about NeotropicalBulbophyllumsectionDidactyle(Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae)?

et al. 2014

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Bulbophyllum section Didactyle comprises seven species, but distinction between these is often problematic. These species are pollinated by milichiid flies and air currents move the hinged labellum and press the pollinator against the gynostemium. The labellum structure is considered to be homogeneous and conservative for the genus. Therefore, the floral anatomy and micromorphology of B. section Didactyle were studied in order to identify characters useful for distinguishing the species. All species have sunken glandular trichomes on the abaxial surface of the sepals (possible osmophores) and a trilobed labellum, clothed with trichomes, with a secretory cavity in the callus that is bound by scale-like papillae. Of the c. 100 characters assessed, 25 varied between species, and each pair of species differed by at least four character states, mainly occurring on the labellum. The data presented allow for a distinction to be made between species and corroborates their grouping in B. section Didactyle, as proposed previously. The presence of osmophores and a nectary on the labellum is confirmed, although their structure is more diverse than anticipated. Moreover, structural differences between B. weddellii and the core of the section might be the result of the odour-mediated attraction of pollinators rather than flower morphology and thus phylogeny.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

What do floral anatomy and micromorphology tell us about NeotropicalBulbophyllumsectionDidactyle(Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae)?

et al. 2014

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“…Owing to their species diversity and high levels of endemism, Bulbophyllum species have been widely studied in the Neotropics ( Smidt and Borba, 2007 ; Smidt et al, 2007 ; Mancinelli and Smidt, 2012 ). As a result, multiple taxonomic ( Borba et al, 1998 ; Ribeiro et al, 2008 ; Nunes et al, 2014 , 2015 , 2017 ) and phylogenic ( Smidt et al, 2011 , 2013 ) studies have been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Plastid Genomics of Neotropical Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae)

et al. 2020

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Pantropical Bulbophyllum, with ∼2,200 species, is one of the largest genera in Orchidaceae. Although phylogenetics and taxonomy of the ∼60 American species in the genus are generally well understood, some species complexes need more study to clearly delimit their component species and provide information about their evolutionary history. Previous research has suggested that the plastid genome includes phylogenetic markers capable of providing resolution at low taxonomic levels, and thus it could be an effective tool if these divergent regions can be identified. In this study, we sequenced the complete plastid genome of eight Bulbophyllum species, representing five of six Neotropical taxonomic sections. All plastomes conserve the typical quadripartite structure, and, although the general structure of plastid genomes is conserved, differences in ndh-gene composition and total length were detected. Total length was determined by contraction and expansion of the small single-copy region, a result of an independent loss of the seven ndh genes. Selection analyses indicated that protein-coding genes were generally well conserved, but in four genes, we identified 95 putative sites under positive selection. Furthermore, a total of 54 polymorphic simple sequence repeats were identified, for which we developed amplification primers. In addition, we propose 10 regions with potential to improve phylogenetic analyses of Neotropical Bulbophyllum species.

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“…(Smidt et al ., ). Most species occur both as epiphytes and lithophytes in open and wooded areas of the cerrado, Atlantic Rain Forest, Andean vegetation, and Central American Forest (Smidt et al ., , , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative floral micromorphology and anatomy of species ofBulbophyllumsectionNapelli(Orchidaceae), a Neotropical section widely distributed in forest habitats

et al. 2015

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Bulbophyllum section Napelli, as recently circumscribed based on molecular analyses, comprises 12 species. These occur as epiphytes in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest and in gallery forests in the cerrado vegetation, and thus differ from other Neotropical sections of Bulbophyllum, which are more variable in habit and habitat. To identify diagnostic characteristics that are representative of this section and to confirm whether there are characteristics that are related to their habit and habitat, their floral micromorphology and anatomy were studied using conventional techniques. Bulbophyllum section Napelli is characterized by sepals with sunken glandular trichomes and stomata on the abaxial surface, reduced petals with one vascular bundle (sometimes lacking), an entire labellum with a secretory sulcus on the adaxial surface and a keel with stomata or glandular trichomes on the abaxial surface, two pollinia, and crystalliferous idioblasts in all floral parts. Our data enable us to distinguish between species and show congruence with the present circumscription of B. section Napelli. The labellar epidermal surface of three closely-related species was unusual in its possession of unicellular trichomes and these appear to function as osmophores. A relationship between striate surfaces, iridescence and pollinator attraction related to the epiphytic habit and forest habitat is proposed.

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Richness, distribution and important areas to preserve Bulbophyllum in the Neotropics

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

What do floral anatomy and micromorphology tell us about NeotropicalBulbophyllumsectionDidactyle(Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae)?

What do floral anatomy and micromorphology tell us about NeotropicalBulbophyllumsectionDidactyle(Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae)?

Comparative Plastid Genomics of Neotropical Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae)

Comparative floral micromorphology and anatomy of species ofBulbophyllumsectionNapelli(Orchidaceae), a Neotropical section widely distributed in forest habitats

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