Rice straw as precursor of activated carbons: Activation with ortho-phosphoric acid

Fierro, Vanessa; Muniz, G. I. B. de; Basta, Altaf H.; El‐Saied, Houssni; Celzard, Alain

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.062

Cited by 126 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Several water remediation methods have been utilized by various authors, but adsorption is the most widely used technique for the removal of pollutants from aqueous systems (Mojiri et al, 2013). Different research groups have used various raw materials for the preparation of cheap and effective adsorbents or activated carbon (Fierro et al, 2010;Baseri et al, 2012;Deb et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2007;Memon et al, 2008;Ismail et al, 2013;Ghaemi and Tavakkoli, 2013;Kamaruddin et al, 2013;Bashir et al, 2014;Amenaghawon et al, 2013;Al-aibi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Phenanthrene from Water Using Activated Carbon Developed from Orange Rind

Gupta¹

2015

IJSRES

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Abstract. Water contamination due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a matter of environmental concern in the recent years. Therefore, the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), phenanthrene, was investigated on laboratory synthesized activated carbon prepared from orange rind. The prepared adsorbent has surface area of 352.14 m 2 /g. The effects of various experimental parameters such as adsorbent dose, initial concentration, pH, shaking time and temperature on the removal of the PAH have been investigated. The adsorption of PAH rises with the increase in shaking time and achieves equilibrium after 90 min. With the increase in the initial concentration of phenanthrene and adsorbent dose, enhancement of the adsorption rate was observed. Increase in pH of the solution has an adverse effect on the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The adsorption data were described by traditional Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Adsorption capacity evaluated using Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 70.92 mg/g. The work demonstrates an effective method for the treatment of industrial wastewaters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Phenanthrene from Water Using Activated Carbon Developed from Orange Rind

Gupta¹

2015

IJSRES

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“…Phosphoric acid imparts cationexchange capacity, making it chemically stable both in acidic and base media in addition to its thermal stability (Puziy et al 2002). Utilization of phosphoric acid as a suitable activating agent for the preparation of porous carbon from a variety of agricultural wastes has been well recorded in literature (Al-Qaessi and Abu-Farah 2010; Attia et al 2008;Fierro et al 2010;Girgis and El-Hendawy 2002;Guo and Rockstraw 2007;Haimour and Emeish 2006;Prahas et al 2008;Zuo et al 2005). However, it should be noted that the activation methods are different as majority of it reports single-stage activation with activation in inert conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization

Reddy

Shoaibi

Srinivasakannan

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The agricultural wastes like date palm seeds to be a suitable precursor for the preparation of porous carbon has been explored in the present work, utilizing phosphoric acid as the activating agent. The experimental methods reported in literature were chosen with certain modification in order to simplify the process. The process optimization was performed using the popular response surface methodology adopting a Box-Behnken design. Process optimization was performed to maximize the porous carbon Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and the methylene blue (MB) adsorption capacity, with the process variables being the activation temperature, impregnation ratio (IR) and the activation time. The textural characteristics were assessed based on nitrogen adsorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, while the adsorption capacity was estimated using the MB adsorption. The optimized experimental conditions were identified to be an activation temperature of 500°C, IR of 3.1 and activation time of 71.4 min, with the resultant porous carbon having BET surface area of 846.7 m 2 /g and MB adsorption capacity of 445.7 mg/g. The popular Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were tested, and a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the MB was estimated to be 345 mg/g, which compares with the highest of MB reported in literature, evidencing the suitability of the porous carbon for adsorption of macro-molecular compounds.

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“…The activation process can be provided by two types, either by physical activation or chemical activation. However, chemical activation is now widely applied for the activation because of its lower activation temperature and higher product yield compared with the physical one [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Biodiesel Wastes as a Bioresource for the Preparation of Activated Carbon

Buasri¹,

Chaiyut²,

Loryuenyong³

et al. 2013

IJAPM

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Abstract-In this research, biodiesel wastes such as palm shells (PS) and Jatropha curcas fruit shells (JS) were used for the synthesis of activated carbon by chemical activation method using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an activating agent. The effects of acidic treatment in hydrofluoric acid (HF), impregnation ratio, activation temperature and activation time on the adsorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) and iodine (I 2 ) solution were examined. The results showed that HF-treated activated carbons exhibited high adsorption capacities by eliminating ash residues, which might fill up the pores. In addition, the adsorption capacities of methylene blue and iodine solution were also significantly influenced by the types of raw materials, the activation temperature and the activation time. The highest adsorption capacity of methylene blue of 257.07 mg/g and iodine of 847.58 mg/g were obtained from Jatropha curcas wastes.Index Terms-Activated carbon, biodiesel wastes, Jatropha curcas fruit shells (JS), palm shells (PS).

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Rice straw as precursor of activated carbons: Activation with ortho-phosphoric acid

Cited by 126 publications

References 34 publications

Removal of Phenanthrene from Water Using Activated Carbon Developed from Orange Rind

Removal of Phenanthrene from Water Using Activated Carbon Developed from Orange Rind

Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization

Utilization of Biodiesel Wastes as a Bioresource for the Preparation of Activated Carbon

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