Rice protein ameliorates the progression of diabetic nephropathy in Goto–Kakizaki rats with high-sucrose feeding

Abstract

The effect of rice protein (RP) on diabetic nephropathy in non-obese, spontaneous type 2 diabetic Goto -Kakizaki (GK) rats was investigated. GK rats at 7 weeks of age were fed 20 % RP or casein (C) in standard or high-sucrose diets for 10 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol, TAG, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), adiponectin, creatinine and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were measured and renal histology was evaluated. Compared with C, RP lowered plasma TAG and improved plasma adiponectin levels in GK rats fed the standard diet (P,0·05), and also lowered total cholesterol and ALP in high-sucrose-fed GK rats (P, 0·05). RP markedly suppressed the sharp increase in UAE when GK rats were fed high-sucrose diets (P, 0·05), and prevented glomerular mesangial matrix expansion in the deep renal cortex near the corticomedullary junction (P,0·05). These results strongly indicate that dietary RP can ameliorate the progression of diabetic nephropathy at an early stage compared with C.

Dietary rice improves growth performance, mucosal enzyme activities and plasma urea nitrogen in weaning piglets

“…Lavigne et al (2000) showed that soy protein improved insulin sensitivity compared with casein in rats. Furthermore, Kubota et al (2013) have recently reported that rice protein ameliorates the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. These results suggested that feeding plant-sourced proteins such as soy protein and rice protein affect insulin sensitivity.…”

Beneficial effects of rice endosperm protein intake in Japanese men with risk factors for metabolic syndrome: a randomized, crossover clinical trial

“…These findings suggest the beneficial effects of rice endosperm protein intake in ameliorating lipid dysfunction such as decreasing total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). Moreover, we reported that rice endosperm protein minimized the progression of diabetic nephropathy in Goto-Kakizaki rats on high-sucrose diet [9]. These findings encouraged us to clarify the effects of endosperm protein from white rice in humans with respect to risks for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.…”

“…We previously reported studies conducted in normal adult Wistar rats fed a normal diet, growing rats fed a cholesterol-enriched diet [7], or non-obese diabetic rats fed a high-sucrose diet showing a reduction of TC [9] by rice endosperm protein administration. The phenotypes of outcome of rice endosperm protein intake in humans and rodents were different in terms of changing lipid metabolism.…”

“…Compositions of these dietary protein materials are summarized in Table 1. Their typical amino acid compositions quoted from Kubota et al [9] are also shown in Table 1. Dextrin MAX 1000® was obtained from Matsutani Chemical Industry, Itami, Japan, and SK SWEET Z-3-15® (glucosylated stevia sweetener) was purchased from Nippon paper industries, Tokyo, Japan.…”

Therapeutic properties of rice constituents and derivatives (Oryza sativa L.): A review update

“…In a study on the kidney of diabetic rats, dietary parboiled rice having higher levels of total polyphenols than white rice, has increased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and glutathione (GSH) content, possibly conferring protection against oxidative stress to the animals' renal tissue (Finamor, Saccol et al 2012) . An improvement of diabetic nephropathy has also been observed in spontaneous type 2 diabetic rats fed with rice proteins (Kubota, Watanabe et al 2013). In addition, rice proteins have been found to alleviate the hypercholesterolemia induced by high-cholesterol diet in rats, by enhancing fecal cholesterol excretion (Um, Ahn et al 2013a).…”