Rice Production Systems

Rao, A.N.; Wani, S P; Ramesha, M. S.; Ladha, J. K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47516-5_8

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Selain itu, pemberian Si juga mengurangi toksisitas logam (Raven1983; Rogalla 2002), meningkatkan aktivitas enzim (Datnoff Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sulaweis Utara, Jl. Kampus Pertanian Kalasey, Manado, Sulawesi Utara, 95013 * Penulis Korespondensi: Email: mirawantyamin@gmail.com et al 2001), meningkatkan pertumbuhan, memperkuat batang, meningkatkan jumlah malai, menjaga agar daun tetap tegak agar proses fotosintesis dapat berjalan dengan baik (Husnain 2011;Rao et al 2017), dan meningkat-kan ketahanan tanaman terhadap hama dan penyakit (Zellner et al 2011;Van Bockhaven et al 2013;Liang et al 2015;Sakr et al 2016).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Pemberian Sumber Silikon pada Sifat Kimia dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi pada Tiga Jenis Tanah

Amin

Kasim

Faisal

2021

J. Ilmu. Pertan. Indones.

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Silicon (Si) has an important role in the growth of rice plants and some soil chemical properties. However, Si still receives less attention, because there is still little information about the importance of Si for rice plants and not many researches have been done on the use of Si in rice plants. This condition causes the farmers do not practice the use of Si as a fertilizer that eventually removal or release of silica from the soil solum. One source of Si that can be used as a fertilizer is trass. Currently, the trass has been widely used by the community as the basic material for making bricks. However, the use of trass as a source of Si in agriculture is not widely known. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effect of trass on rice plant growth and soil chemical properties. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of trass addition on soil chemical properties and rice growth. The experimental design used was a separate plot where three types of soil, namely oxisol, inceptisol, and vertisol as the main plot and seven doses of trass were 0 (D0); 1.25 (D1); 2.5 (D2); 3.75 (D3); 5 (D4); 7.5 (D5); and 10 (D6) g kg-1 of soil as sub-plots. The treatment was a combination of these two factors and was repeated 3 times to obtain 63 experimental units. The results showed that the administration of trass significantly increased pH, available P, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, and significantly decreased available Fe and Mn. Meanwhile, the provision of trass also significantly affected plant height, namely 91 cm, and the number of tillers, namely 21 stems. Key words: chemical properties, rice, silicon, trass

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Pemberian Sumber Silikon pada Sifat Kimia dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi pada Tiga Jenis Tanah

Amin

Kasim

Faisal

2021

J. Ilmu. Pertan. Indones.

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“…We examine how the co-implementation of these practices could function within the US Mid-South. This region is responsible for ∼80% of US rice production (USDA-NASS, 2021) and is agronomically similar to mechanized, irrigated, predominantly drill-seeded rice production systems elsewhere, including Northeast China, Australia, and South America's MERCOSUR region (Rao et al, 2017). While no regional soil survey of As in rice soils in this region exists, many locations in this region are in the 90th percentile of soil As levels in the US (Smith et al, 2019) and some rice produced in this region has been shown to have more total As than that from California (Williams et al, 2007a;Heitkemper et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-Technical Changes for Sustainable Rice Production: Rice Husk Amendment, Conservation Irrigation, and System Changes

et al. 2021

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Rice is a staple food and primary source of calories for much of the world. However, rice can be a dietary source of toxic metal(loid)s to humans, and its cultivation creates atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions and requires high water use. Because rice production consumes a significant amount of natural resources and is a large part of the global agricultural economy, increasing its sustainability could have substantial societal benefits. There are opportunities for more sustainable field production through a combination of silicon (Si) management and conservation irrigation practices. As a Si-rich soil amendment, rice husks can limit arsenic and cadmium uptake, while also providing plant vigor in drier soil conditions. Thus, husk addition and conservation irrigation may be more effective to attenuate the accumulation of toxic metal(loid)s, manage water usage and lower climate impacts when implemented together than when either is implemented separately. This modified field production system would take advantage of rice husks, which are an underutilized by-product of milled rice that is widely available near rice farm sites, and have ~10% Si content. Husk application could, alongside alternate wetting and drying or furrow irrigation management, help resolve multiple sustainability challenges in rice production: (1) limit arsenic and cadmium accumulation in rice; (2) minimize greenhouse gas emissions from rice production; (3) decrease irrigation water use; (4) improve nutrient use efficiency; (5) utilize a waste product of rice processing; and (6) maintain plant-accessible soil Si levels. This review presents the scientific basis for a shift in rice production practices and considers complementary rice breeding efforts. It then examines socio-technical considerations for how such a shift in production practices could be implemented by farmers and millers together and may bring rice production closer to a bio-circular economy. This paper's purpose is to advocate for a changed rice production method for consideration by community stakeholders, including producers, millers, breeders, extension specialists, supply chain organizations, and consumers, while highlighting remaining research and implementation questions.

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“…Rice is also the most extensively cultivated crop, grown in over 100 counties of six continents, and covering more than 11% of all arable lands (Donald, 2004;Rao et al, 2017). Among the global rice grown areas, about 90% is located in Asia, especially in East Asia (33%) (Rao et al, 2017). Depending on altitude and source of water, rice field ecosystems can be divided into four categories, including (from high to low elevations) upland, rainfed lowland, irrigated, and flood-prone ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rice is one of three most important crops in the world and is the staple food for almost half of the world populations (Prasad et al, 2017). Rice is also the most extensively cultivated crop, grown in over 100 counties of six continents, and covering more than 11% of all arable lands (Donald, 2004;Rao et al, 2017). Among the global rice grown areas, about 90% is located in Asia, especially in East Asia (33%) (Rao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do pesticide residues have enduring negative effect on macroinvertebrates and vertebrates in fallow rice paddies?

Song

Kuo

2021

Preprint

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Rice is one of the most important staple food in the world, with irrigated rice paddies largely converted from natural wetlands. The effectiveness of rice fields in help preserve species depends partially on management practices, including the usage of pesticides. However, related studies have focused predominately on the cultivation period, leaving the effects of soil pesticide residues on aquatic invertebrates during the fallow periods little explored; other animals, such as waterbirds, also rely on aquatic invertebrates in flooded fallow fields for their survival. We therefore investigated vertebrates and macroinvertebrates (terrestrial and aquatic) on rice stands and in flooded water during cultivation and fallow periods in organic and conventional rice fields in Taiwan. Association of environmental factors with terrestrial and aquatic organisms was also analyzed. In total, 32,880 individuals of 144 invertebrate families and 381 individuals of 15 vertebrate families were recorded after nine samplings each for six organic and six conventional rice fields. Family richness and abundance of all invertebrates (terrestrial and aquatic) were higher in organic than in conventional fields during the cultivation period, but were similar between the two agricultural practices during the fallow period. Richness and abundance of terrestrial invertebrates in both organic and conventional fields increased with the progression of rice cultivation, so did the differences between the two practices. Richness of aquatic invertebrates was mostly constant across the sampling period, while abundance increased but differences decreased during the fallow period. Richness and abundance of terrestrial invertebrates were positively associated with ambient temperature and height of rice stand. Abundance of aquatic invertebrates were positively associated with pH value and amount of dissolved oxygen but negatively associated with water temperature. Richness and abundance of all vertebrates and each of the constituting groups (fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, and migratory waterbird) were statistically similar between the two practices although abundance of migratory waterbirds in organic fields were two times those in conventional fields during the fallow period. Our study suggested accumulated effects of pesticides on suppressing terrestrial invertebrates during the cultivation period, but diminishing effects of pesticide residues on repressing aquatic invertebrates during the fallow period. This comprehensive study provided a holistic picture on macroinvertebrate and vertebrate fauna, as well as ramifications of pesticide usage, in a representative Southeast Asia rice paddy ecosystem. Further study should compare rice fields with natural wetlands to better assess how to capitalize on agroecosystems for biodiversity conservation.

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Rice Production Systems

Cited by 33 publications

References 59 publications

Pengaruh Pemberian Sumber Silikon pada Sifat Kimia dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi pada Tiga Jenis Tanah

Pengaruh Pemberian Sumber Silikon pada Sifat Kimia dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi pada Tiga Jenis Tanah

Socio-Technical Changes for Sustainable Rice Production: Rice Husk Amendment, Conservation Irrigation, and System Changes

Do pesticide residues have enduring negative effect on macroinvertebrates and vertebrates in fallow rice paddies?

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