Rice OsGL1-1 Is Involved in Leaf Cuticular Wax and Cuticle Membrane

Qin, Baoxiang; Tang, Ding; Huang, Jian; Li, Ming; Wu, Xinru; Lu, Lili; Wang, Kejian; Yu, Hengxiu; Chen, Jianmin; Gu, Minghong; Cheng, Zhihui

doi:10.1093/mp/ssr028

Cited by 79 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…To test the hypothesis, we checked the wax status using Ox-WR1 and RI-WR1 plants, showing significant increase and decrease, respectively. These observations suggest that the regulation of OsWR1 in wax synthesis related genes and wax production possibly affects the water loss and drought tolerance in plants, consistent with the wax function in drought response (Aharoni et al 2004;Broun et al 2004;Islam et al 2009, Qin et al 2011Seo et al 2011). Therefore, data in the present report show that OsWR1 is, to our knowledge, the first example of an ERF transcriptional activator affecting the expression of wax synthesis related genes in rice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The Arabidopsis genes, such as CER1 (McNevin et al 1993), CUT1/CER6 (Millar et al 1999), KCS1 (Todd et al 1999), FDH (Pruitt et al 2000), and the maize genes GL1 (Sturaro et al 2005) and GLOSSY2 (Tacke et al 1995) have been proposed or shown to encode enzymes or components of the secretory pathway (Millar et al 1999;Todd et al 1999;Chen et al 2003;Islam et al 2009;Qin et al 2011). Other genes, such as CER2 and CER3, encode regulatory proteins that might be involved in wax biosynthesis (Xia et al 1996;Rowland et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, 11 putative rice GL1 homologous genes (OsGL1) have been analyzed for sequence and expression, and the OsGL1-1 and OsGL1-2 have been revealed to be involved in cuticular wax accumulation and drought tolerance (Islam et al 2009;Qin et al 2011), while rice wax crystal-sparse leaf1 (WSL1) and WSL2, homologues of KCS and WAX2/GL1, respectively, confer wax synthesis in leaves and enhanced tolerance to drought (Yu et al 2008;Mao et al 2011). In addition, identification of the wax-deficient anther1 (Wda1) gene in rice revealed the biosynthesis role of VLCFA in wax biosynthesis (Jung et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An ethylene response factor OsWR1 responsive to drought stress transcriptionally activates wax synthesis related genes and increases wax production in rice

et al. 2011

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Increasing evidence has revealed the major enzymes-involved in Arabidopsis and maize wax/cutin synthesis; however, there is limited information about the genes-associated with wax/cutin synthesis in rice. Here we report the characterization of an ethylene response factor gene in rice. This rice wax synthesis regulatory gene 1 (OsWR1) is a homolog of Arabidopsis wax/cutin synthesis regulatory gene WIN1/SHN1. Transcript analysis showed that OsWR1 is induced by drought, abscisic acid and salt, and is predominantly expressed in leaves. Functional analyses indicated that overexpressing OsWR1 (Ox-WR1) improved while RNA interference OsWR1 rice (RI-WR1) decreased drought tolerance, consistent with water loss and cuticular permeability, suggesting that OsWR1-triggered drought response might be associated with cuticular characteristics. In addition, OsWR1 activated the expression of the genes-related to oxidative stress response and membrane stability. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry analysis further showed that OsWR1 modulated the wax synthesis through alteration of long chain fatty acids and alkanes, evidencing the regulation of OsWR1 in wax synthesis. Detection with real-time PCR amplification indicated that Ox-WR1 enhanced while RI-WR1 decreased the expression of wax/cutin synthesis related genes. Furthermore, OsWR1 physically interacted with the DRE and GCC box in the promoters of wax related genes OsLACS2 and OsFAE1'-L, indicating that OsWR1 at least directly modulates the expression of these genes. Thus our results indicate that OsWR1 is a positive regulator of wax synthesis related genes in rice, and this regulation, distinct from its homology regulator of WIN1/SHN1 in cutin synthesis, subsequently contributes to reduced water loss and enhanced drought tolerance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An ethylene response factor OsWR1 responsive to drought stress transcriptionally activates wax synthesis related genes and increases wax production in rice

et al. 2011

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“…The cuticle plays an important role in rice flower morphogenesis, anther and pollen development, pathogen resistance, and salt tolerance (Bird et al, 2007;Qin et al, 2011Qin et al, , 2013. However, our understanding of cuticle function in panicle development remains limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice TUTOU1 Encodes a Suppressor of cAMP Receptor-Like Protein That Is Important for Actin Organization and Panicle Development

et al. 2015

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Panicle development, a key event in rice (Oryza sativa) reproduction and a critical determinant of grain yield, forms a branched structure containing multiple spikelets. Genetic and environmental factors can perturb panicle development, causing panicles to degenerate and producing characteristic whitish, small spikelets with severely reduced fertility and yield; however, little is known about the molecular basis of the formation of degenerating panicles in rice. Here, we report the identification and characterization of the rice panicle degenerative mutant tutou1 (tut1), which shows severe defects in panicle development. The tut1 also shows a pleiotropic phenotype, characterized by short roots, reduced plant height, and abnormal development of anthers and pollen grains. Molecular genetic studies revealed that TUT1 encodes a suppressor of cAMP receptor/Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin-homologous (SCAR/WAVE)-like protein. We found that TUT1 contains conserved functional domains found in eukaryotic SCAR/WAVE proteins, and was able to activate Actin-related protein2/3 to promote actin nucleation and polymerization in vitro. Consistently, tut1 mutants show defects in the arrangement of actin filaments in trichome. These results indicate that TUT1 is a functional SCAR/WAVE protein and plays an important role in panicle development.

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“…For example, mutants or transgenic lines with reduced levels of verylong-chain alkanes often display elevated rates of water loss (Vogg et al, 2004;Leide et al, 2007;Qin et al, 2011). Furthermore, enhancing the levels of these wax components can restrict water loss, leading to improved drought tolerance (Bourdenx et al, 2011;Seo et al, .…”

Section: A Role For Cd2 In Reducing Leaf Water Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic Phenotypes of the sticky peel Mutant Provide New Insight into the Role of CUTIN DEFICIENT2 in Epidermal Cell Function in Tomato

et al. 2012

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Plant epidermal cells have evolved specialist functions associated with adaptation to stress. These include the synthesis and deposition of specialized metabolites such as waxes and cutin together with flavonoids and anthocyanins, which have important roles in providing a barrier to water loss and protection against UV radiation, respectively. Characterization of the sticky peel (pe) mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) revealed several phenotypes indicative of a defect in epidermal cell function, including reduced anthocyanin accumulation, a lower density of glandular trichomes, and an associated reduction in trichome-derived terpenes. In addition, pe mutant fruit are glossy and peels have increased elasticity due to a severe reduction in cutin biosynthesis and altered wax deposition. Leaves of the pe mutant are also cutin deficient and the epicuticular waxes contain a lower proportion of long-chain alkanes. Direct measurements of transpiration, together with chlorophyll-leaching assays, indicate increased cuticular permeability of pe leaves. Genetic mapping revealed that the pe locus represents a new allele of CUTIN DEFICIENT2 (CD2), a member of the class IV homeodomain-leucine zipper gene family, previously only associated with cutin deficiency in tomato fruit. CD2 is preferentially expressed in epidermal cells of tomato stems and is a homolog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ANTHOCYANINLESS2 (ANL2). Analysis of cuticle composition in leaves of anl2 revealed that cutin accumulates to approximately 60% of the levels observed in wild-type Arabidopsis. Together, these data provide new insight into the role of CD2 and ANL2 in regulating diverse metabolic pathways and in particular, those associated with epidermal cells.

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Rice OsGL1-1 Is Involved in Leaf Cuticular Wax and Cuticle Membrane

Cited by 79 publications

References 54 publications

An ethylene response factor OsWR1 responsive to drought stress transcriptionally activates wax synthesis related genes and increases wax production in rice

An ethylene response factor OsWR1 responsive to drought stress transcriptionally activates wax synthesis related genes and increases wax production in rice

Rice TUTOU1 Encodes a Suppressor of cAMP Receptor-Like Protein That Is Important for Actin Organization and Panicle Development

Pleiotropic Phenotypes of the sticky peel Mutant Provide New Insight into the Role of CUTIN DEFICIENT2 in Epidermal Cell Function in Tomato

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