Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) with reduced chlorophyll content exhibit higher photosynthetic rate and efficiency, improved canopy light distribution, and greater yields than normally pigmented plants

Gu, Junfei; Zhou, Zhenxiang; Li, Zhikang; Chen, Ying; Wang, Zhiqin; Zhang, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2016.10.008

Cited by 108 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…NPQ variations are related to de‐epoxidation and epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle pigments, a dynamic mechanism that undergoes excitation and relaxation phases as a function of light exposure (Müller et al, ). Consistent with the recent work (Gu et al, ; Li et al, ), when measured by means of PAM fluorescence, NPQ was reduced in the mutant, and accordingly, the photoprotection was lower than in the green leaves. On the other hand, reduced photoprotection led to an increase in Φ PSII (Figure ), which indicates a substantial change in the balance between photochemical and non‐photochemical pathways fuelling carbon fixation and mitigating photo‐damage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Leaf and canopy photosynthesis of a chlorophyll deficient soybean mutant

Sakowska

Alberti

Genesio

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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The photosynthetic, optical, and morphological characteristics of a chlorophyll-deficient (Chl-deficient) "yellow" soybean mutant (MinnGold) were examined in comparison with 2 green varieties (MN0095 and Eiko). Despite the large difference in Chl content, similar leaf photosynthesis rates were maintained in the Chl-deficient mutant by offsetting the reduced absorption of red photons by a small increase in photochemical efficiency and lower non-photochemical quenching. When grown in the field, at full canopy cover, the mutants reflected a significantly larger proportion of incoming shortwave radiation, but the total canopy light absorption was only slightly reduced, most likely due to a deeper penetration of light into the canopy space. As a consequence, canopy-scale gross primary production and ecosystem respiration were comparable between the Chl-deficient mutant and the green variety. However, total biomass production was lower in the mutant, which indicates that processes other than steady state photosynthesis caused a reduction in biomass accumulation over time. Analysis of non-photochemical quenching relaxation and gas exchange in Chl-deficient and green leaves after transitions from high to low light conditions suggested that dynamic photosynthesis might be responsible for the reduced biomass production in the Chl-deficient mutant under field conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Leaf and canopy photosynthesis of a chlorophyll deficient soybean mutant

Sakowska

Alberti

Genesio

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Studies with pigment mutants revealed that photosynthetic pigment reduction does not necessarily lead to decline in photosynthetic rate. Reduced pigment content could enable plants to avoid excessive light energy absorption and improve quantum efficiency of PSII and electron transport rate, leading to higher photosynthetic rate (Wu et al, 2014; Gu et al, 2017). Reduced F v / F m reflects the photoinhibition of PSII (Misra et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Metabolism in Adaptation of Photosynthesis to Water Stress in Rice Grown under Different Nitrogen Levels

et al. 2017

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To investigate the role of nitrogen (N) metabolism in the adaptation of photosynthesis to water stress in rice, a hydroponic experiment supplying with low N (0.72 mM), moderate N (2.86 mM), and high N (7.15 mM) followed by 150 g⋅L-1 PEG-6000 induced water stress was conducted in a rainout shelter. Water stress induced stomatal limitation to photosynthesis at low N, but no significant effect was observed at moderate and high N. Non-photochemical quenching was higher at moderate and high N. In contrast, relative excessive energy at PSII level (EXC) was declined with increasing N level. Malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents were in parallel with EXC. Water stress decreased catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities at low N, resulting in increased H2O2 content and severer membrane lipid peroxidation; whereas the activities of antioxidative enzymes were increased at high N. In accordance with photosynthetic rate and antioxidative enzymes, water stress decreased the activities of key enzymes involving in N metabolism such as glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase, and photorespiratory key enzyme glycolate oxidase at low N. Concurrently, water stress increased nitrate content significantly at low N, but decreased nitrate content at moderate and high N. Contrary to nitrate, water stress increased proline content at moderate and high N. Our results suggest that N metabolism appears to be associated with the tolerance of photosynthesis to water stress in rice via affecting CO2 diffusion, antioxidant capacity, and osmotic adjustment.

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“…In the crop canopy, reducing the chlorophyll content would not only mitigate efficiency losses associated with NPQ but also allow greater transmittance of light into lower layers, thus improving canopy light distribution and canopy photosynthesis (Pettigrew et al, 1989; Ort et al, 2011; Gu et al, 2017). In green alga, the tla mutant was found to have improved photosynthetic solar energy conversion efficiency and productivity by up to three-fold compared to the wild-type due to the truncated chlorophyll antenna size of its photosystems (Melis et al, 1998; Polle et al, 2003; Melis, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In green alga, the tla mutant was found to have improved photosynthetic solar energy conversion efficiency and productivity by up to three-fold compared to the wild-type due to the truncated chlorophyll antenna size of its photosystems (Melis et al, 1998; Polle et al, 2003; Melis, 2009). In higher plants, decreased leaf chlorophyll content has also been shown to be advantageous in terms of photosynthetic efficiency in rice (Gu et al, 2017) and soybean (Pettigrew et al, 1989). A decrease in leaf chlorophyll content could also be evolutionarily advantageous in high light and high temperature environments (Tardy et al, 1998), since lowering leaf chlorophyll content has also been shown to act as a photoprotection mechanism, mitigating the damaging effects of high radiation and high leaf temperature in wild grasses and cereal landraces adapted to semi-arid environments (Havaux and Tardy, 1999; Zaharieva et al, 2001; Royo et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic Properties and Potentials for Improvement of Photosynthesis in Pale Green Leaf Rice under High Light Conditions

Zhou

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Light is the driving force of plant growth, providing the energy required for photosynthesis. However, photosynthesis is also vulnerable to light-induced damage caused by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants have therefore evolved various protective mechanisms such as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) to dissipate excessively absorbed solar energy as heat; however, photoinhibition and NPQ represent a significant loss in solar energy and photosynthetic efficiency, which lowers the yield potential in crops. To estimate light capture and light energy conversion in rice, a genotype with pale green leaves (pgl) and a normally pigmented control (Z802) were subjected to high (HL) and low light (LL). Chlorophyll content, light absorption, chloroplast micrographs, abundance of light-harvesting complex (LHC) binding proteins, electron transport rates (ETR), photochemical and non-photochemical quenching, and generation of ROS were subsequently examined. Pgl had a smaller size of light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna and absorbed less photons than Z802. NPQ and the generation of ROS were also low, while photosystem II efficiency and ETR were high, resulting in improved photosynthesis and less photoinhibition in pgl than Z802. Chlorophyll synthesis and solar conversion efficiency were higher in pgl under HL compared to LL treatment, while Z802 showed an opposite trend due to the high level of photoinhibition under HL. In Z802, excessive absorption of solar energy not only increased the generation of ROS and NPQ, but also exacerbated the effects of increases in temperature, causing midday depression in photosynthesis. These results suggest that photosynthesis and yield potential in rice could be enhanced by truncated light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna size.

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Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) with reduced chlorophyll content exhibit higher photosynthetic rate and efficiency, improved canopy light distribution, and greater yields than normally pigmented plants

Cited by 108 publications

References 55 publications

Leaf and canopy photosynthesis of a chlorophyll deficient soybean mutant

Leaf and canopy photosynthesis of a chlorophyll deficient soybean mutant

Nitrogen Metabolism in Adaptation of Photosynthesis to Water Stress in Rice Grown under Different Nitrogen Levels

Photosynthetic Properties and Potentials for Improvement of Photosynthesis in Pale Green Leaf Rice under High Light Conditions

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