Rice Novel Semidwarfing Gene d60 Can Be as Effective as Green Revolution Gene sd1

Abstract

Gene effects on the yield performance were compared among promising semidwarf genes, namely, novel gene d60, representative gene sd1 with different two source IR8 and Jukkoku, and double dwarf combinations of d60 with each sd1 allele, in a Koshihikari background. Compared with the culm length of variety Koshihikari (mean, 88.8 cm), that of the semidwarf or double dwarf lines carrying Jukkoku_sd1, IR8_sd1, d60, Jukkoku_sd1 plus d60, or IR8_sd1 plus d60 was shortened to 71.8 cm, 68.5 cm, 65.7 cm, 48.6 cm, and 50.3 cm, respectively. Compared with the yield of Koshihikari (mean, 665.3 g/m2), that of the line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 allele showed the highest value (772.6 g/m2, 16.1% higher than Koshihikari), while that of IR8_sd1, d60 and IR8_sd1 plus d60, was slightly decreased by 7.1%, 5.5%, and 9.7% respectively. The line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 also showed the highest value in number of panicles and florets/panicle, 16.2% and 11.1% higher than in Koshihikari, respectively, and these effects were responsible for the increases in yield. The 1000-grain weight was equivalent among all genetic lines. Except for the semidwarf line carrying Jukkoku_sd1, semidwarf line carrying d60 was equivalent to line carrying IR8_sd1in the yield of unpolished rice, and yield components such as panicle length, panicle number, floret number /panicle. Therefore, the semidwarfing gene d60 is one of the best possible choices in practical breeding.

Rice novel useful semidwarf gened60on chromosome 2 causing pleiotropically gamete abortion

“…In this study, the responsible DNA for d60 was inferred as an ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase-like gene. In addition, regarding to the yield performance, d60 can be as effective as sd1 (Tomita and Ishimoto 2019). Therefore, d60 would be expected to become one of the alternatives to sd1 among the limited semidwarf gene pool.…”

Whole-Genome Sequencing Revealed a Late-Maturing Isogenic Rice Koshihikari Integrated with Hd16 Gene Derived from an Ise Shrine Mutant

“…Yield merit underpinning Hd16 was also reported [ 56 ]. We also developed the late-maturing and semidwarf isogenic Koshihikari, which was integrated with both Hd16 and semidwarf gene d60 [ 57 – 59 ], designated as “Koshihikari Suruga d60Hd16” [ 60 ].…”

Discovery of a Novel Induced Polymorphism in SD1 Gene Governing Semi-Dwarfism in Rice and Development of a Functional Marker for Marker-Assisted Selection

“…In another cultivar, Reimei, a G→C substitution in exon 3 caused a shift from aspartic acid to histidine at the 349th amino acid position, resulting in a non-functional polypeptide [ 8 , 14 , 21 ]. Several of these alleles are relatively ‘milder’ in effecting plant height reduction [ 12 ] and are found to be distributed in medium–tall japonica cultivars. For instance, a G→T substitution mutation in exon 1 at position 38382746 bp, causing the substitution of glycine to valine, detected in a Jukkoku mutant, has been identified in several other japonica cultivars such as Hikarishinseiki, Nishihomare, Hanasatsuma, Minamihikari, Reihou, Saiwaimochi, Hiyokumochi, Ayanatsuki, Yumehikari, Shironui and Yumehayato [ 22 ].…”

“…The sd1-d gene has been extensively used in the development of improved indica rice varieties, almost throughout south and southeast Asia [ 8 , 11 ]. In contrast, a few other SD1 alleles such as the Jukkoku allele, Calrose 76 allele and Reimei allele have been used in japonica cultivar development [ 12 ]. In the present study, we report the discovery of a novel SD1 allele in the short-grain aromatic rice genotype Pusa 1652, its causal mutation and the development of a functional marker.…”