Rice Morphogenesis and Plant Architecture: Measurement, Specification and the Reconstruction of Structural Development by 3D Architectural Modelling

Abstract

The results indicated that the '3D virtual rice' has a possibility to demonstrate the differences in the structure and development between cultivars and under different environmental conditions. Future work, necessary to reflect both cultivar and environmental effects on the model performance, and to link with physiological models, is proposed in the discussion.

3D digitisation of plant leaves

“…reconstructing plant canopies [10,14,17], estimating wax growth [6] and analysing chlorophyll fluorescence on a single leaf [11], structure generation of the plant [1,13,20] and reconstruction of leaf surfaces [3,4,5,12,19].…”

A plastic, dynamic and reducible 3D geometric model for simulating gramineous leaves

“…The leaf width variation has been modeled, as a function of the distance to leaf base, by a polynomial [11], [12], [13], by modified polynomial function [14], or by a composition of functions reflecting leaf growth stages [15]. Leaf midribs have been described as arc of circle [16], arc of conics [13] or quadratics [17]. Leaf margin undulations have been proposed to be cycloid [18], [19], [20], [21].…”

Functional-Structural Modelling of Gramineae

“…Therefore, geometrical models rely on empirical functions, with statistical distributions of their parameters. Such models have been developed for, e.g., the shape and inclination of blades (Prévot et al 1991;Stewart and Dwyer 1999), or the dynamics of inclination of leaves and tillers (España et al 1998;Watanabe et al 2005). A limitation here is that the adaptation of plant morphology to the local environment may result in correlations between parameters that are not generally taken into account by this statistical approach.…”

“…Classical crop models greatly increased our understanding of plant-environment interactions, but paid much more attention to mass growth and resource acquisition than to plant morphogenesis. This is changing thanks to the development of numerous cereal architectural models, which mostly focus on morphological aspects of plant development (Fournier and Andrieu 1998;Buck-Sorlin and Bachmann 2000;Kaitaniemi et al 2000;Wernecke et al 2000;Fournier et al 2003;Evers et al 2005;Buck-Sorlin et al 2005;Watanabe et al 2005), and its regulation by resource availability (Fournier and Andrieu 1999;Drouet and Pagès 2003;Guo et al 2006). We propose here to give an overview of these advances, together with the new type of issues they bring to cereal crop modellers.…”