Rice Husk Nanosilica Preparation and Its Potential Application as Nanofluids

Ong, Huei Ruey; Iskandar, Wan Mohd Eqhwan; Khan, Maksudur R.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.89904

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…Rice husks were washed thoroughly with water and dried in an oven at a temperature of 150°C. Calcination of the dried rice husks was done in a muffle furnace (SX2-2-17TP) for 3 h at a temperature of 700°C to produce FRHA (Ong et al, 2019). On the other hand, rice husks were burnt in open air on a hot plate to produce ORHA.…”

Section: Incineration Of Rice Husks To Get Rhamentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of rice husk ash prepared by open air burning and furnace calcination

Jonathan¹,

Kamweru²,

Mwangi³

et al. 2020

J. Chem. Eng. Mater. Sci.

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Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural waste, and easily available in rice growing areas. The husk is mostly burnt as a way of getting rid of it. The ash obtained after burning or calcination may have economic application, mainly dependent on its properties. These properties in turn depend on the calcination method. However, for commercial viability, and for many applications, the calcination method should not only be as simple as possible but also cheap. This study characterized the elemental composition, crystallinity, functional bonds present and morphology of rice husk ash (RHA) obtained in two ways, that is, calcination of rice husks in a muffle furnace (FRHA) at a temperature of 700°C and open air burning (ORHA) at uncontrolled temperatures. The elemental composition done by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy showed a high percentage of silicon that is 81.01 and 79.12% for ORHA and FRHA, respectively. X-ray fluorescence showed a high percentage of silica (SiO 2 ), 95.45 and 94.85% for ORHA and FRHA, respectively. X-ray diffractograms indicate that the FRHA was crystalline with the highest peak at 21.8°; while ORHA was amorphous in nature. Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectra confirmed the presence of -OH groups and O-Si-O bonds in the two types of ash. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed agglomerated ORHA, which may be due to the presence of hydrogen bonding between silanol groups on the surface of rice husk ash for FRHA, and presence of -OH groups in ORHA. The study shows that ORHA is as good as FRHA in applications where crystallinity is optional.

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Section: Incineration Of Rice Husks To Get Rhamentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of rice husk ash prepared by open air burning and furnace calcination

Jonathan¹,

Kamweru²,

Mwangi³

et al. 2020

J. Chem. Eng. Mater. Sci.

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“…The formation of this NaCl salt is possible during the nano silica synthesis process using the sol-gel method. It can be seen from the following mechanism and chemical reaction equation [22], [36]- [38].…”

Section: Characterization Nano Silica With Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characteristic of Nanosilica From Geothermal Sludge: Effect of Surfactant

Adiatama

Susanti

Astuti³

et al. 2022

metal.

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In the synthesis of nanoparticles, the phenomenon of agglomeration is an undesirable condition because the particles formed can be larger. The use of surfactants can prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon. In this study, the use of surfactants was studied in the synthesis of nanosilica from geothermal sludge. The method applied in the synthesis of nanosilica is the sol-gel method. A 1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution was used to prepare the sol phase, while the gel phase was prepared at pH 5 using a 1.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution. The surfactants used were alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The surfactant added to the precursor solution was at the critical micelle concentration (CMC), where the CMC values for each surfactant were 0.15, 0.05, 0.50, and 1.00 wt% for ABS, CTAB, SDS, and PVP, respectively. The experimental results showed that the synthesis of nanosilica without surfactant could produce the product with a purity of 98.03%. Even though the purity is already high, the resulting product experiences agglomeration and surfactants were needed to minimize the occurrence of agglomeration in the product. The surfactant that gives the best product quality is PVP, where the particle size is in the range of 2.01–3.65 nm. However, the product produced with this PVP has a low purity, 56.67%. It is because the sodium chloride (NaCl) is trapped in the surfactant template.

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“…The extraction of nanosilica from RH began with the pre-treatment of RH by acid leaching using hydrochloric acid (HCl) to remove metallic impurities and enhance the nanosilica purity (Ruey et al, 2020). RH was washed thoroughly with distilled water to remove contaminants and dried in an oven at 110°C for 24 hours.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Nanosilicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Agro-Based Nanofilters to Capture Suspended Titanium in Air

JAMEN¹,

HARUMAIN²,

ZAHABA³

et al. 2022

JSSM

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Nanosilica and nanozeolite synthesised from rice husk (RH) were investigated for their potential to develop a low-cost nanofilter membrane as an alternative to replace nylon membrane used in the Nanoparticle Respiratory Deposition (NRD) sampler for capturing titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles suspended in the air. Due to its exceptional adsorption capacity to many inorganic materials, graphene oxide was also investigated for its potential to capture the TiO2 nanoparticles to compare its performance with the newly developed agro-based nanofilters. All nanofillers were developed by depositing the synthesised nanomaterials on a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane using the layer deposition method and characterised by Field Emission Scanning Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX) analysis. Each nanofilters developed were exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles for 15 minutes with an average airflow of 2.5 L/minutes and were compared with the conventional nylon membrane used in NRD. Among all nanofilters developed, nanozeolite filter (0.1% w/v) showed the highest concentration of Ti captured (81.7 μg/g) compared to nanosilica (56.7 μg/g) and graphene oxide (8.2 μg/g) filters. Interestingly, all developed nanofilters did not show any presence of Ti in their background levels, further suggesting its purity in capturing Ti nanoparticles in the air.

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Rice Husk Nanosilica Preparation and Its Potential Application as Nanofluids

Cited by 6 publications

References 105 publications

Characterization of rice husk ash prepared by open air burning and furnace calcination

Characterization of rice husk ash prepared by open air burning and furnace calcination

Synthesis and Characteristic of Nanosilica From Geothermal Sludge: Effect of Surfactant

Development of Agro-Based Nanofilters to Capture Suspended Titanium in Air

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