Rice Husk Ash as Pore Former and Reinforcement on the Porosity, Microstructure, and Tensile Strength of Aluminum MMC Fabricated via the Powder Metallurgy Method

Hanim, M. A. Azmah; Lin, Ong Jun; Jung, Dong-Won; Tahir, Suraya Mohd; Sulaiman, Mohd Hafis

doi:10.3390/cryst12081100

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Due to weak interfacial bonding between the epoxy resins and PW and WW waste composite, as well as incorrect bonding between PW and WW, the decreasing trend of tensile strength was seen up to a 3.0 ratio. Prior research has verified that the epoxy matrix did not adhere to the fiber instead, de-bonding, a discontinuity caused by inefficient stress transfer at the fiber interface had occurred [43]. This is consistent with earlier research, where additional fiber could not continuously improve the tensile strength [44].…”

Section: Tensile Strengthsupporting

confidence: 86%

Characteristics of Mechanical Strength of Hybrid Reinforced Plastic Waste Mixed with Wood Waste

Jamal,

Marsi,

Letchumanan

et al. 2024

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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Commercial products made of plastics or wood have always been in high demand until now. Consequently, waste from these products has increased, accumulated, and catastrophically impacted the environment. Through recycling, waste products are not only reduced but will also be easily available for improvement or manufacturing new products. This research focused on the fabrication of lightweight composites using plastic waste (PW) and wood waste (WW) as reinforcement and epoxy as a matrix suitable for tile applications. It was revealed that the density of PW-WW polymer composite increased with increasing PW loading up to a 4.0 ratio at 1.070 g/cm3 with a porosity of 0.05%. Optical microscope analysis at 100X magnification showed good bonding between the reinforcements (PW and WW) and matrix (epoxy). With a maximum bending strain of 2.41%, the 3.0 ratio achieved the highest bending strength of 2069.20 N, followed by the bending stress at 8.28 MPa. The PW-WW polymer composite with a composition ratio of 3.0 showed a maximum tensile force of 313.8 N and a tensile strength of 1.79 MPa. The composite with a 4.0 ratio had the greatest impact strength (1.67 kJ/m²), followed by the composite with a 3.0 ratio (1.44 kJ/m²). In summary, a 3.0 ratio is the best polymer composite composition for tile applications.

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Section: Tensile Strengthsupporting

confidence: 86%

Characteristics of Mechanical Strength of Hybrid Reinforced Plastic Waste Mixed with Wood Waste

Jamal,

Marsi,

Letchumanan

et al. 2024

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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“…As the composition ratios of RHF fiber increasing, it shows a decreasing trend of density from 0.2%-0.8% and started to increasing once the compositions reached 1.0%. Based on previous research obtained that the surface morphology of samples shows a rise in voids when the composition of reinforcing material or pore-forming agent is increased, which denotes the development of composites with higher porosity [35]. The lowest porosity recorded was at 0.8% which is 0.92 g/cm² followed by the second lowest 1.0% with value of porosity of 0.96 g/cm².…”

Section: Density and Porosity Testmentioning

confidence: 86%

Mechanical Characteristics Rice Husk Fiber (RHF) Blended Recycled Polyethylene (RPE) for RHF/RPE Polymer Composite

Iylia Izzati Jamal,

Noraini Marsi,

Anika Zafiah Mohd Rus

et al. 2024

ARAM

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This study investigates the mechanical characteristics of Rice Husk fibers (RHF) blended Recycled Polyethylene (RPE) to produce RHF/RPE polymer composites for building partition applications. The main objective is to formulate various composition ratios of RHF blended with RPE to fabricate optimum physical and mechanical properties to produce an RHF/RPE polymer composite. The significance of this research lies in developing a green polymer composite using natural resource materials such as RHF, which holds potential applications in Malaysia. Various ratios of RHF (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1.0% by weight) were combined with RPE to create RHF/RPE polymer composites. The RHF fibers were processed into fine fibers measuring 0.5 ± 0.05 mm using a high-speed grinding machine operating at 18000 rpm. The process involved blending RHF with RPE using a Bra-blender machine with a pressure of 20 kPa and a temperature of 120℃. The results indicated the composition ratio of 0.4 wt./wt.% of RHF/RPE polymer composite demonstrated the optimum density (ASTM C20-00) at 715.74 cm2 and porosity at 1.02 g/cm2, highest tensile strength at 0.60 MPa at tensile strength (ASTM D638) with SEM microstructure analysis confirming well-reinforced bonding between RHF/RPE matrix. The bending test at 0.4 wt./wt.% achieved the highest bending strength at 27.17 MPa, with a maximum bending strain of 2.41%, and the impact test (ASTM D256) demonstrated the highest impact strength at 36.16 MPa with an impact modulus of 1.25 MPa. It can be concluded that the optimal composition for building partition applications is 0.4 wt./wt.% of RHF/RPE polymer composites.

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“…Figure 8 shows that when the reinforcement % increases, the density of AMCs declines (Mohamed Ariff et al, 2022). The reason is that fly ash (2.09 g/cm 3 ) and B 4 C (2.52 g/cm 3 ) have lower densities than an aluminum alloy (2.65 g/cm 3 ).…”

Section: Mass Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric optimization of wear parameters of hybrid composites (LM6/B4C/fly ash) using Taguchi technique

Udaya Prakash,

Ananth,

Jebarose Juliyana

et al. 2023

Front. Mech. Eng.

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Wear is prominent in sliding components, so tribology property plays a major role in automotive as well as in the aerospace industries. In this work, Aluminium alloy LM6/B4C/Fly Ash hybrid composites with three different weight percentages of reinforcement were fabricated using the low-cost stir casting technique, and the experiments were conducted based on the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach and optimized using Taguchi’s Signal to noise ratio (S/N) analysis. The analysis was conducted with process parameters like Sliding Speed (S), Sliding distance (D), load (L) and reinforcement percentage (R %), the responses are Coefficient of Friction (COF) and Specific wear rate (SWR). Aluminum alloy reinforced with 9 wt% hybrid (LM6 + 4.5% B4C + 4.5% Fly Ash) has a low density and high hardness compared with other composites and base alloys. The optimum parameters for obtaining minimum SWR are S - 1 m/s, D - 500 m, L - 45 N, and R% - 6 wt% Hybrid (3% Fly ash and 3% boron carbide). The optimum parameters for obtaining minimum COF are S - 1.5 m/s, D - 500 m, L - 30 N, and R% −9 wt% Hybrid (4.5% Fly ash and 4.5% boron carbide). Load (28.34%) is the most significant parameter for obtaining minimum SWR, and DL (31.62%) for obtaining minimum COF. SEM images of the worn pins show the various wear mechanisms of the AMCs. The hybrid composite produced is new and these may be used for piston liner and brake pad applications.

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Rice Husk Ash as Pore Former and Reinforcement on the Porosity, Microstructure, and Tensile Strength of Aluminum MMC Fabricated via the Powder Metallurgy Method

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Characteristics of Mechanical Strength of Hybrid Reinforced Plastic Waste Mixed with Wood Waste

Characteristics of Mechanical Strength of Hybrid Reinforced Plastic Waste Mixed with Wood Waste

Mechanical Characteristics Rice Husk Fiber (RHF) Blended Recycled Polyethylene (RPE) for RHF/RPE Polymer Composite

Parametric optimization of wear parameters of hybrid composites (LM6/B4C/fly ash) using Taguchi technique

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