Rice Grain Dark Spots and Their Impact on Quality Associated Traits

Abstract

Rice grain damage due to dark spots was noted more than 10 years ago in Russia. However, this phenomenon has long existed in other rice-growing countries. The factor limiting high rice yields are insect pests and pathogenic microorganisms, the vital activity of which leads to the occurrence of dark spots on the grain shells. This study hopes to assess the effects of dark spots on rice grains of six rice cultivars bred in Russia, i.e., Rapan, Khazar, Romans, Favorit, Trio, and Prestige. The study was carried out in 2020–2021 at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Federal Scientific Rice Centre, Krasnodar, Russia. With an increase in the content of damaged grains from 5% to 10% and 20%, the mass of 1000 absolutely dry grains, vitreosity, and head rice content decrease, the filminess increased, and the content of damaged grains negatively affecting the quality traits of rice grains. If the content of damaged grains is up to 5%, grain quality decreases giving no impact of the parameter. The need to predict rice grain yield and quality based on grain damage intensity caused by dark spots ensures the profitability of growing various cultivars in rice production.

Pre-Harvest Dark Spots Harm the Rice Grains Qualitatively and Quantitatively

“…From pecky rice grain representatives, the fungal microflora"s isolation included Alternaria tenuis, Trichothecium sp., and Fusarium moniliforme; however, in small quantities in Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus flavus oryzae, Cladosporium sp., Phoma sp., and Drechslera hawaiiensis (IRRI -International Rice Research Institute, Philippines) (Fanyan et al, 2002;Kumeiko and Tumanyan, 2020). It showed that grain damage in the form of dark spots leads to varying degrees of decrease in grain quality (Tumanyan et al, 2021(Tumanyan et al, , 2022.…”

Phytic Acid Content in Biofortified Rice Lines and Its Association With Micronutrient Content and Grain Yield of Rice

“…Plant breeding programs aim to enhance micronutrient and antioxidant concentrations and keep low phytic acid concentrations (Bhagyawant et al, 2018). Thus, an increase in Fe and Zn content followed by a decrease in phytic acid is a valuable way to increase the bioavailability of both primary rice elements (Ha et al, 2020;Mukhina et al, 2022;Tumanyan et al, 2022). Correlation is a statistical method that can identify the association level among traits.…”