Rice choline monooxygenase (OsCMO) protein functions in enhancing glycine betaine biosynthesis in transgenic tobacco but does not accumulate in rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica)

Luo, Dejun; Niu, Xiangli; Yu, Jian; Yan, Jun; Gou, Xin; Lu, Bao‐Rong; Liu, Yongsheng

doi:10.1007/s00299-012-1276-2

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In addition to its protective roles in enzyme and membrane integrity, the expression of related genes is also affected by exogenous GB, and these genes are mainly involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism pathway of GB and phytohormones. It has been shown that CMO plays an important role in the pathway of glycine betaine synthesis (Burnet et al, 1995) and responses to abiotic stresses in rice (Luo et al, 2012), which are consistent with our results. Our study showed that the upregulated expression of the CMO gene in drought-stressed plants with GB pretreatment was concomitant with the accumulation of exogenous glycine betaine and an increase in BADH activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mitigating Effect of Glycinebetaine Pretreatment on Drought Stress Responses of Creeping Bentgrass

Gan¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

horts

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Turfgrass performance under drought stress is impeded by plant water deficit and oxidative damage, which might be improved by the external application of osmoprotectants. Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is a valuable species for low-cut golf surfaces as a result of its high density and fine texture. However, weak tolerance to drought stress is a primary shortcoming. In this study, the effect of exogenous glycinebetaine (GB) pretreatment on mitigating the damage from drought stress in creeping bentgrass cultivar 'T-1' was evaluated. Pieces of creeping bentgrass sod were subjected to four treatments: 1) well-watered control, 2) well watered and sprayed with 100 mM GB, 3) drought stress, and 4) drought stress and sprayed with 100 mM GB. Drought stress resulted in a remarkable decrease in turf quality (TQ), relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll content, with significant increases in superoxide anion content (O 2 -), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activity. In contrast, pretreatment with 100 mM GB decreased the O 2 and MDA content in water-stressed plants, and increased turf quality, chlorophyll content, SOD, CAT, and POD activity. Meanwhile, the expression level of the psbA, SAMS4, CMO, and ACS1 genes in leaf samples collected during the drought-stress stage was elevated in GB pretreatment. Notably, SAMS4 gene expression in GB pretreatment was significantly greater than in the untreated GB groups subjected to water stress. These results suggested that GB could mitigate the adverse effect of water stress on creeping bentgrass. The amelioration related strongly to the maintenance of the antioxidant enzyme system, accumulated endogenous compatible metabolites, and the elevation of gene expression levels. These findings lead us to conclude that GB pretreatment could be used as an ameliorative agent for creeping bentgrass against the deleterious effects of water stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mitigating Effect of Glycinebetaine Pretreatment on Drought Stress Responses of Creeping Bentgrass

Gan¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

horts

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“…As discussed in the Introduction, choline is also used for GB synthesis catalysed by CMO and BADH (Annunziata, Ciarmiello, Woodrow, Dell'Aversana, & Carillo, ). Overexpressing OsCMO in tobacco plants increased GB content and improved plant salt tolerance (Luo et al, ). Overexpression of the AhBADH gene isolated from Atriplex hortensis improved salt tolerance in trifoliate orange ( Poncirus trifoliata L.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up‐regulation of lipid metabolism and glycine betaine synthesis are associated with choline‐induced salt tolerance in halophytic seashore paspalum

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

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Choline may affect salt tolerance by regulating lipid and glycine betaine (GB) metabolism. This study was conducted to determine whether alteration of lipid profiles and GB metabolism may contribute to choline regulation and genotypic variations in salt tolerance in a halophytic grass, seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum). Plants of Adalayd and Sea Isle 2000 were subjected to salt stress (200‐mM NaCl) with or without foliar application of choline chloride (1 mM). Genotypic variations in salt tolerance and promotive effects of choline application on salt tolerance were associated with both the up‐regulation of lipid metabolism and GB synthesis. The genotypic variations in salt tolerance associated with lipid metabolism were reflected by the differential accumulation of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine between Adalayd and Sea Isle 2000. Choline‐induced salt tolerance was associated with of the increase in digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) content including DGDG (36:4 and 36:6) in both cultivars of seashore paspalum and enhanced synthesis of phosphatidylinositol (34:2, 36:5, and 36:2) and phosphatidic acid (34:2, 34:1, and 36:5), as well as increases in the ratio of digalactosyl diacylglycerol: monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG:MGDG) in salt‐tolerant Sea Isle 2000. Choline regulation of salt tolerance may be due to the alteration in lipid metabolism in this halophytic grass species.

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“…Non-accumulators, such as Arabidopsis and rice also have the Reiske-type and mononuclear non-heme clusters. However, they exhibit mutations at other residues considered functionally important (e.g., in Arabidopsis CMO; Hibino et al 2002), or process incorrect and shorter transcripts (e.g., rice CMO; Luo et al 2012), and vary significantly at their N-terminal end (Fig S1). Iron-sulfur (Reiske) clusters are involved in vital processes, such as cell respiration and photosynthesis due to their ability to transfer electrons, and have other functions, such as centres of catalytic activity, regulators of gene expression (in bacteria), and sensors of iron and oxygen (reviewed in Balk & 892 S. Joseph et al Lobreaux 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1). It is notable that Arabidopsis and cereals, such as rice, are known low or non-GB accumulators (Hibino et al 2002;Luo et al 2012) and do not exhibit the AVA residues at the start of the mature polypeptide determined experimentally in spinach (Rathinasabapathi et al 1997), raising the question whether their CMO pre-proteins are processed correctly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycine betaine biosynthesis in saltbushes (Atriplex spp.) under salinity stress

2013

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Soil salinity and drought severely affect all aspects of plant physiology, leading to significant losses of crop productivity and native biodiversity. A key to sustainable land use in such areas is to cultivate well-adapted native plants that are also commercially important and have the appropriate gene pool. Glycine betaine (GB) is an osmoprotectant that imparts salt and drought tolerance to some plants. It is also shown separately to provide significant health benefits to animals and humans. We investigated whether Australian saltbushes, which are extremely salt and drought tolerant and also impart health benefits to grazing animals, may have the genetic basis for GB biosynthesis, explaining the two different observations. Complementary DNAs encoding the two key enzymes of the plant GB biosynthesis pathway, choline monooxygenase (CMO) and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), were identified and analysed from Atriplex nummularia and Atriplex semibaccata. The sequences showed the putative CMO proteins exhibited all functionally important features including the Reiske-type cluster (2Fe-2S) and mononuclear non-heme Fe cluster, and the putative BADHs exhibited conservation of active site residues. The expression of both genes was found to be significantly up-regulated in leaf tissues under salt stress. The leaf tissues also showed accumulation of very high levels of GB, at 29.69 mmol/kg fresh weight for A. nummularia and 42.68 mmol/kg fresh weight for A. semibaccata, which is several times higher than in cereal crops. The results demonstrate a strong potential of cultivation of saltbushes for re-vegetation and as a perennial fodder in salinity and drought-affected areas.

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Rice choline monooxygenase (OsCMO) protein functions in enhancing glycine betaine biosynthesis in transgenic tobacco but does not accumulate in rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica)

Cited by 45 publications

References 49 publications

Mitigating Effect of Glycinebetaine Pretreatment on Drought Stress Responses of Creeping Bentgrass

Mitigating Effect of Glycinebetaine Pretreatment on Drought Stress Responses of Creeping Bentgrass

Up‐regulation of lipid metabolism and glycine betaine synthesis are associated with choline‐induced salt tolerance in halophytic seashore paspalum

Glycine betaine biosynthesis in saltbushes (Atriplex spp.) under salinity stress

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