Rice‐bran Treatment for Calcium Stone Formers with Idiopathic Hypercalciuria

Ebisuno, Shoichi; Morimoto, Shigeyoshi; Yoshida, Takeichi; Fukatani, Toshiro; Yasukawa, Shu; Ohkawa, Tadashi

doi:10.1111/j.1464-410x.1986.tb05892.x

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Consequently, more free oxalate could be available to be absorbed. However, published studies reported that dietary fibre had no effect (Shah et al, 1980;Ala-Opas et al, 1987) or that it resulted in a reduction (Robertson, 1987;Strohmaier et al, 1988) or an increase (Ebisuno et al, 1986) in urinary oxalate excretion. The two vegetarian diets contained almost the same amount of dietary fibre, yet they differed in the phytate content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a low- and a high-oxalate vegetarian diet on intestinal oxalate absorption and urinary excretion

2007

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Objective: To compare quantitatively the effect of a low-and a high-oxalate vegetarian diet on intestinal oxalate absorption and urinary excretion. Subjects and methods: Eight healthy volunteers (three men and five women, mean age 28.676.3) were studied. Each volunteer performed the [ 13 C 2 ]oxalate absorption test thrice on a low-oxalate mixed diet, thrice on a low-oxalate vegetarian diet and thrice on a high-oxalate vegetarian diet. For each test, the volunteers had to adhere to an identical diet and collect their 24-h urines. In the morning of the second day, a capsule containing [ 13 C 2 ]oxalate was ingested. Results: On the low-oxalate vegetarian diet, mean intestinal oxalate absorption and urinary oxalate excretion increased significantly to 15.872.9% (P ¼ 0.012) and 0.41470.126 mmol/day (P ¼ 0.012), compared to the mixed diet. On the highoxalate vegetarian diet, oxalate absorption (12.574.6%, P ¼ 0.161) and urinary excretion (0.34070.077 mmol/day, P ¼ 0.093) did not change significantly, compared to the mixed diet. Conclusions: A vegetarian diet can only be recommended for calcium oxalate stone patients, if the diet (1) contains the recommended amounts of divalent cations such as calcium and its timing of ingestion to a meal rich in oxalate is considered and (2) excludes foodstuffs with a high content of nutritional factors, such as phytic acid, which are able to chelate calcium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a low- and a high-oxalate vegetarian diet on intestinal oxalate absorption and urinary excretion

2007

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“…The experimental and clinical hypocalciuric effects of dietary fibre have been reported during the last years [15][16][17][18]. These effects have been mainly assigned to the presence of phytate (myo-inositol hexaphosphate) that forms insoluble salts with calcium in the intestine, avoiding its absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Potassium Phytate Effects on Decreasing Urinary Calcium in Rats

Gráses

Perelló²,

Simonet³

et al. 2004

Urol Int

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Background: Phytate as sodium salt has been used at high doses to treat stone-former patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria. The experimental and clinical hypocalciuric effects of dietary fiber have also been assigned to the presence of phytate as calcium-magnesium salt (phytin). As a consequence of the additional interest in phytate due to its capacity as crystallization inhibitor, now a study of the effects of potassium phytate on urinary calcium excretion is presented and compared with the effects caused by other phytate salts. Methods: To study the effect of calcium-magnesium phytate, 36 Wistar rats (6 groups) were fed with a purified diet in which phytate was practically absent (4068.02 Reference Diet). Three groups were fed with increasing calcium amounts and with the same amount of phytin, each one corresponding to one control group. To study the effects of magnesium-potassium, sodium and potassium phytate salts, 48 Wistar rats (8 groups) were fed with UAR-A04 diet (a standard diet which contains 0.8% of phytin). Two control groups fed with low and high calcium amounts and 6 treated groups were formed. The effect of the dose of potassium phytate on urinary calcium was carried out using 2 additional groups of 6 Wistar rats each one fed with UAR-A04 diet and increasing amounts of potassium phytate. Results: No significant changes in urinary calcium were observed when phytin (calcium-magnesium phytate) was supplied. The urinary calcium was clearly reduced by the three phytate salts assayed (magnesium-potassium, sodium, potassium), but the most significant decrease was noticed when the potassium phytate salt was administered. Phytate administration, independently of the salt or dose used, did not significantly affect the urinary oxalate. Conclusion: It can be clearly deduced that the effects of phytate on the urinary parameters, mainly calcium, fundamentally depend on the type of salt used. Thus, the most remarkable effects on urinary calcium reduction were caused by the potassium salt. Obviously, these findings must be confirmed in human studies.

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“…Some drugs, such as sodium cellulose phosphate, orthophosphate, and thiazicles, have been shown to be effective means of reducing urinary calcium Correspondence to: N. Wu excretion in hypercalciuric patients and, hence, the incidence of recurrent stone formation [1][2][3]. However, these drugs may induce side effects.During the last decade, the experimental and clinical hypocalciuric effects of rice bran (or wheat bran) have been reported [4][5][6][7][8]. Phytin (inositol hexaphosphate) proves to be the most effective substance of rice-bran treatment and plays an active role in reducing the intestinal absorption of calcium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last decade, the experimental and clinical hypocalciuric effects of rice bran (or wheat bran) have been reported [4][5][6][7][8]. Phytin (inositol hexaphosphate) proves to be the most effective substance of rice-bran treatment and plays an active role in reducing the intestinal absorption of calcium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of magnesium citrate and phytin on reducing urinary calcium excretion in rats

Thon

Krah

et al. 1994

World J Urol

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The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effects of both magnesium citrate and phytin on reducing urinary calcium excretion under high-calcium-diet conditions during single and combined treatments. An animal experiment was carried out over a period of 4 weeks in 35 male rats. Urinary calcium excretion was reduced significantly by magnesium citrate and/or phytin in rats fed on high-calcium diets. The hypocalciuric effect of magnesium citrate was more evident than that of phytin. Urinary magnesium excretion was high in all experimental groups. However, the urinary magnesium/calcium ratios showed a consistent increase only in the groups treated with magnesium citrate. Urinary citrate excretion showed a relative increase with the introduction of magnesium citrate plus phytin; however, in both the high-calcium-diet group and the magnesium-citrate group this was found to be reduced. Urinary phosphate excretion was slightly higher in the groups treated with phytin. There was no definite difference in urinary oxalate concentration between the groups. No significant change was noted in the serum concentration of calcium, magnesium, or phosphate.

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Rice‐bran Treatment for Calcium Stone Formers with Idiopathic Hypercalciuria

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Influence of a low- and a high-oxalate vegetarian diet on intestinal oxalate absorption and urinary excretion

Influence of a low- and a high-oxalate vegetarian diet on intestinal oxalate absorption and urinary excretion

Study of Potassium Phytate Effects on Decreasing Urinary Calcium in Rats

Effects of magnesium citrate and phytin on reducing urinary calcium excretion in rats

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