Rice Bacterial Leaf Blight in West Africa: Preliminary Studies on Disease in Farmers` Fields and Screening Released Varieties for Resistance to the Bacteria

Séré, Y.; Onasanya, A.; Verdier, Valérie; Akator, K.; Ouédraogo, Léonard; Segda, Zacharie; Mbare, M. M.; Sido, A. Y.; Basso, A.

doi:10.3923/ajps.2005.577.579

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In Asia, this disease is the most economically important within the irrigated environment. It appeared in Africa in the 1980s, and has since been growing in importance [2]. The use of varietal resistance is a highly efficient way of controlling the disease in Asia, but, in Africa, adequate control methods and deployment of resistant varieties are still lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In planta gene expression analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae, African strain MAI1

et al. 2010

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BackgroundBacterial leaf blight causes significant yield losses in rice crops throughout Asia and Africa. Although both the Asian and African strains of the pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), induce similar symptoms, they are nevertheless genetically different, with the African strains being more closely related to the Asian X. oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc).ResultsChanges in gene expression of the African Xoo strain MAI1 in the susceptible rice cultivar Nipponbare were profiled, using an SSH Xoo DNA microarray. Microarray hybridization was performed comparing bacteria recovered from plant tissues at 1, 3, and 6 days after inoculation (dai) with bacteria grown in vitro. A total of 710 bacterial genes were found to be differentially expressed, with 407 up-regulated and 303 down-regulated. Expression profiling indicated that less than 20% of the 710 bacterial transcripts were induced in the first 24 h after inoculation, whereas 63% were differentially expressed at 6 dai. The 710 differentially expressed genes were one-end sequenced. 535 sequences were obtained from which 147 non-redundant sequences were identified. Differentially expressed genes were related to metabolism, secretion and transport, pathogen adherence to plant tissues, plant cell-wall degradation, IS elements, and virulence. In addition, various other genes encoding proteins with unknown function or showing no similarity to other proteins were also induced. The Xoo MAI1 non-redundant set of sequences was compared against several X. oryzae genomes, revealing a specific group of genes that was present only in MAI1. Numerous IS elements were also found to be differentially expressed. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed 86% of the identified profile on a set of 14 genes selected according to the microarray analysis.ConclusionsThis is the first report to compare the expression of Xoo genes in planta across different time points during infection. This work shows that as-yet-unidentified and potentially new virulence factors are appearing in an emerging African pathogen. It also confirms that African Xoo strains do differ from their Asian counterparts, even at the transcriptional level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In planta gene expression analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae, African strain MAI1

et al. 2010

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“…Among the biotic constraints are bacterial diseases such as bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causing huge crop losses of up to 50% [4][5][6][7] and the degree of yield loss was affected by the stage of BB infection [8]. In West Africa, the incidence of the disease ranged from 70-85% with a yield loss of 50-90%, indicating wide spread of bacterial wilt in farmers' fields [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Xa4 Resistance Gene to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Cultivated Rice in Northwest Benin

Djèdatin

Nanoukon

Missihoun

et al. 2022

ARJA

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Aims: The aim of this study was to identify the cultivated rice varieties that were resistant to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) by molecular screening. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was the causal agent of bacterial blight, in the department of Atacora in Benin. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Applied to Genomics, between July 2021 and November 2021. Methodology: Thirty-two rice accessions were collected in the department of Atacora and the IRBB4 isogenic line carrying Xa4 resistance gene, as a positive control, were screened using SSR marker. Genomic DNA was extracted from plants leaves. PCR using a pair of MP12 primers linked to the Xa4 gene were performed and amplified products were analyzed by electrophoresis in a 2% agarose gel. Results: Our results showed that a significant number of rice varieties grown in northern Benin were resistant to Xoo. 62.5% were resistant of which 70% were local varieties. Some of these resistant varieties (35%) were heterozygous (Xa4/xa4) and others were homozygous (Xa4/Xa4). 10% had specific genotypes other than those expected, which showed the probability of existence new resistance alleles that need to be characterized. Conclusion: This is the first time that a bacterial blight resistance gene has been identified in Beninese rice cultivation. This result will be very useful to rice breeders for developing elites resistant varieties through markers assisted selection programs.

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“…Rice plants with a high stem architecture are not capable of supporting the weight of the grains, potentially causing the plants to fall and eventually yield losses. This circumstance is made worse by the occurrence of infectious diseases such as BLB that occurs in all major rice-growing areas in the world, especially in Asia, Northern Australia, Africa and the United States of America (Adhikari et al, 1995;Gnanamanickam et al, 1999;Sere et al, 2005). The disease causes yield losses of up to 70% and is a serious threat to agriculture and food security worldwide (Ke et al, 2019;Singh et al, 2009;Verdier et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marker-assisted Breeding and F3 Progenies Characterization for Improving Local Rice Variety “Tinggong”

Jalil

Basyah

Efendi

et al. 2022

ASD

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Background: Tinggong is an indigenous rice variety in Aceh Province known for its excellent cooking quality and tolerance to adverse climatic conditions such as drought. However, this local rice has a long lifespan ranging from 150-160 days and is susceptible to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB). Methods: To improve the performance of Tinggong, the variety was cross-breed with the isogenic line IRBB27 which confers Xa-27 and sd-1 genes. The inheritance of both of these genes and the changes in their agronomic character and the resistance to Xoo were analyzed in the F3 progenies to identify the presence of both Xa-27 and sd-1 genes in the F3 progenies and the implication of their phenotypic characters. Result: The results showed that 58.33% of progenies inherited both Xa-27 and sd-1 genes. Of these, 4 progenies consisting #T5, T6, T29 and T30 are the potential to develop as they show both genotypic and phenotypic improvement. The 4 progenies produce earlier (116-120 days after sowing) with plant height 109-128 cm and more resistance to Xoo (lesion length 2.08-2.42 cm), the weight of grains per hill reached 26.24-34.12 g or yield potential (10.40-43.55%) higher compared to their parent Tinggong.

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Rice Bacterial Leaf Blight in West Africa: Preliminary Studies on Disease in Farmers` Fields and Screening Released Varieties for Resistance to the Bacteria

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

In planta gene expression analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae, African strain MAI1

In planta gene expression analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae, African strain MAI1

Molecular Identification of Xa4 Resistance Gene to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Cultivated Rice in Northwest Benin

Marker-assisted Breeding and F3 Progenies Characterization for Improving Local Rice Variety “Tinggong”

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