Ribosomal ribonucleic acid isolated from Salmonella typhimurium: absence of the intact 23S species

Winkler, Malcolm E.

doi:10.1128/jb.139.3.842-849.1979

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…49 At the same time, in many bacterial species, rRNA is normally discontinuous and is formed through excision of intervening sequences (IVS) which are located in the same variable helices. [59][60][61] Sequence tags have been inserted into these helices with no deleterious effects, 62 63 and when a Salmonella IVS was inserted into the helix 45 of E. coli 23S rRNA, it was excised by RNase III while the ribosomes retained functionality. 64 Therefore, it is possible that the stationary phase-specific cleavages at these sites do not disrupt ribosome function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxins MazF and MqsR cleave Escherichia coli rRNA precursors at multiple sites

et al. 2016

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The endoribonuclease toxins of the E. coli toxin-antitoxin systems arrest bacterial growth and protein synthesis by targeting cellular mRNAs. As an exception, E. coli MazF was reported to cleave also 16S rRNA at a single site and separate an anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence-containing RNA fragment from the ribosome. We noticed extensive rRNA fragmentation in response to induction of the toxins MazF and MqsR, which suggested that these toxins can cleave rRNA at multiple sites. We adapted differential RNA-sequencing to map the toxin-cleaved 5'- and 3'-ends. Our results show that the MazF and MqsR cleavage sites are located within structured rRNA regions and, therefore, are not accessible in assembled ribosomes. Most of the rRNA fragments are located in the aberrant ribosomal subunits that accumulate in response to toxin induction and contain unprocessed rRNA precursors. We did not detect MazF- or MqsR-cleaved rRNA in stationary phase bacteria and in assembled ribosomes. Thus, we conclude that MazF and MqsR cleave rRNA precursors before the ribosomes are assembled and potentially facilitate the decay of surplus rRNA transcripts during stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxins MazF and MqsR cleave Escherichia coli rRNA precursors at multiple sites

et al. 2016

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“…The presence of intervening sequences in rRNA genes has been observed for the 23S (rrl) gene of certain eubacteria; Salmonella typhimurium (20)(21)(22), Leptospira interrogans, L.santasori, L. noguchi, L. weillii and L. borgpetersenii (23,24) and Yersinia enterocolitica (3). Whilst the S. typhimurium and Y enterocolitica 23S rRNA gene IVs are small and noncoding, the larger IVSs found in Leptospira vary from 485 to 759 nts and contain a small ORF (121-133 amino acids) oriented so that the sense strand appears in the transcript rRNA (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intervening sequence (IVS) in the 16S rRNA gene of the eubacteriumHelicobacter canis

et al. 1994

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PCR amplicons enlarged by approximately 250bp were generated from the 16S rRNA (rrs) genes of certain strains of the recently described Helicobacter species, H. canis. The DNA sequence of the rrs gene of one such strain was determined, and it was shown that an intervening sequence (IVS) of 235bp followed nucleotide 199 in the rrs sequence. In four other H. canis strains, identical or similar IVSs were found, always at the same location in the rrs gene. The secondary structures of the RNA transcripts of the IVSs were predicted. They were characterised by the presence of a conserved stem-loop structure, a potential recognition site for RNA processing enzymes. Ribosomal RNA was compared from a strain of H. canis with and without the IVS-containing rrs gene. In the former 16S rRNA appeared as two fragments, whose sizes were consistent with cleavage at either side of the IVS, and which were not subsequently religated. The IVS sequence was not represented elsewhere in the H. canis genome. Its evolutionary significance is discussed.

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“…discontinuities in rRNA are tolerated within variable regions because these are the very regions that were discontinuous in the primordial ribosome and therefore are probably not critical to fundamental ribosome function’ (Gray and Schnare, 1996). The absence of intact 23S rRNA in bacteria was noted decades ago, when it was considered as an exception (Lessie, 1965; Doolittle, 1973; Winkler, 1979). During the last 15 years it became clear that fragmented rRNA is widespread in bacteria.…”

Section: Fragmentation Sites In Bacterial Rrnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial ribosomal RNA in pieces

Evguenieva‐Hackenberg

2005

Molecular Microbiology

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SummaryThe exact knowledge on the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) structure is an important prerequisite for work with rRNA sequences in bioinformatic analyses and in experimental research. Most available rRNA sequences of bacteria are based on gene sequences and on similarity analyses using Escherichia coli rRNA as a standard. Therefore, it is often overlooked that many bacteria harbour mature rRNA 'in pieces'. In some cases, the processing steps during the fragmentation lead to the removal of rRNA segments that are usually found in the ribosome. In this review, the current knowledge on the mechanisms of rRNA fragmentation and on the occurrence of fragmented rRNA in bacteria is summarized, and the physiological implications of this phenomenon are discussed.

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Ribosomal ribonucleic acid isolated from Salmonella typhimurium: absence of the intact 23S species

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Toxins MazF and MqsR cleave Escherichia coli rRNA precursors at multiple sites

Toxins MazF and MqsR cleave Escherichia coli rRNA precursors at multiple sites

An intervening sequence (IVS) in the 16S rRNA gene of the eubacteriumHelicobacter canis

Bacterial ribosomal RNA in pieces

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