Ribosomal protein S19 is encoded by the mitochondrial genome in Petunia hybrida

Abstract

The rps19 ribosomal protein gene, which has not been previously reported in any mitochondrial genome, was identified by sequence analysis in the mitochondrial DNA of the higher plant Petunia hybrida. According to the sequence of eight rpsl 9 cDNAs, seven C to U conversions with respect to the genomic sequence are present in rpsl 9 transcripts. Not all transcripts are fully edited at these seven sites. Six of the seven C to U conversions change the encoded amino acid sequence by altering four codons. The rpsl9 gene is located entirely within a repeat sequence which is present in three copies on the 443 kb genome. Due to intragenomic recombination across these repeats, Petunia rpsl9 is present in nine different genomic environments.

Mitochondrial rps14 is a transcribed and edited pseudogene in Arabidopsis thaliana

“…from various plants, such as rpsl3, rpsl4 and rpsl9 [3,10,11,15] have been shown to undergo RNA editing, mainly involving conversion of C residues to U as other mitochondrial transcripts [61.…”

Preliminary NMR studies of Thermus thermophilus ribosomal protein S19 overproduced in Escherichia coli

“…Colons (:) indicate well conserved amino acids between all groups, plus (+) indicates conservation between eubacterial and plant organelle groups (bold letters). Abbreviations, accession numbers and references are: Tth, Thermus thermophilus , X84059 (present work); Bst, Bacillus stearothermophilus [21]; Eco, Escherichia coli [22]; Tma, Thermotoga maritima , Z21677 [23]; Psa, Pisum sativum , X59015 [24]; Zma, Zea mays , Y00141 [25]; Phy, Petunia hybrida , X57283 [26]; Obe, Oenothera berteriana , X61030; Ham, Syrian hamster, X52658 [27]; Xla, Xenopus laevis , V01443 [28]; Dme, Drosophila melanogaster , X73153 [29]; Rat, Rattus rattus , X51707 [30]; Asu, Ascaris suum , X75543 [31].…”

A ribosomal protein S10 gene is found in the mitochondrial genome in Solanum tuberosum

“…2) homologous to elements preceding the genes for rpsl9 in petunia and Oenothera is detected (Fig. 4) [4,20]. This 90 bp element is located 18 bp, 17 bp and 20 bp upstream of the initiation codons in potato rpslO, petunia and Oenothera rps19, respectively, and might play a role in transcription initiation, RNA processing and/or RNA translation.…”

“…In this context, it seems that the larger plant mt genome allows to accommodate many more ribosomal protein-coding genes than other eukaryotic mt genomes. While in vertebrates and lower eukaryotes these proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome (with the exception of var I in yeast and $5 in Neurospora) [3], several ribosomal protein genes still present in the organelle have been identified in higher plants: rps12 in wheat, maize, rice, and Korean ginseng [9,13,23], rps13 in tobacco, maize, wheat, Oenothera and carrot [1,2,26], rps14 in broad bean and Oenothera [18,25], rps3 in maize and Oenothera [ 10,20], rp116 in maize [ 10], rps19 in petunia [4] and rps7 in wheat [28]. Recently, sixteen ribosomal protein genes, including all of the above, have been identified in the mt genome of liverwort [ 16, 241. Some of the ribosomal protein genes that have been identified in the mtDNA of certain higher…”