Riboflavin as a photosensitizer. Effects on human health and food quality

Cardoso, Daniel; Libardi, Silvia Helena; Skibsted, Leif H.

doi:10.1039/c2fo10246c

Cited by 244 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…Rf is contained in most culture media in typical concentrations up to 1.5 µmol L −1 , and has a key function in oxygen reduction, energy production, vitamin metabolism and other antioxidative protection mechanisms 22. It is one of the few well‐described examples of media components that are prone to photolysis with proven impact on culture performance 4, 8, 23, 24.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media photo‐degradation in pharmaceutical biotechnology – impact of ambient light on media quality, cell physiology, and IgG production in CHO cultures

Neutsch

Kröll

Brunner

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUNDMany vital components in bioprocess media are prone to photo‐conversion or photo‐degradation upon exposure to ambient light, with severe negative consequences for biomass yield and overall productivity. However, there is only limited awareness of light irradiation as a potential risk factor when working in transparent glass bioreactors, storage vessels or disposable bag systems. The chemical complexity of most media renders a root‐cause analysis difficult. This study investigated in a novel, holistic approach how light‐induced changes in media composition relate to alterations in radical burden, cell physiology, morphology, and product formation in industrial Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) bioprocesses.RESULTSTwo media formulations from proprietary and commercial sources were tested in a pre‐hoc light exposure scenario prior to cultivation. Using fluorescence excitation/emission (EEM) matrix spectroscopy, a photo‐sensitization of riboflavin was identified as a likely cause for drastically decreased IgG titers (up to −80%) and specific growth rates (−50% to −90%). Up to three‐fold higher radical levels were observed in photo‐degraded medium. On the biological side, this resulted in significant changes in cell morphology and aberrations in the normal IgG biosynthesis/secretion pathway.CONCLUSIONThese findings clearly illustrate the underrated impact of room light after only short periods of exposure, occurring accidentally or knowingly during bioprocess development and scale‐ up. The detrimental effects, which may share a common mechanistic cause at the molecular level, correlate well with changes in spectroscopic properties. This offers new perspectives for online monitoring concepts, and improved detectability of such effects in future. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by JohnWiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media photo‐degradation in pharmaceutical biotechnology – impact of ambient light on media quality, cell physiology, and IgG production in CHO cultures

Neutsch

Kröll

Brunner

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Nevertheless, it must not be excluded the possibility that, during topical application, the drug could be degraded by the action of visible-light-absorber sensitizers present in human skin such as riboflavin (Rf, vitamin B2) [1]. Besides, Ev is synthesized as a secondary metabolite by several lichen and plant species [2], a natural scenery where Rf may play an in vivo photosensitizing role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is present in the lichen species Evernia prunastri var. prunastri (L.) and Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) [1,2]. Ev has been also isolated from higher plants like Newbouldia laevis, Alseodaphne andersonii, Acer nikense and Frullania brasiliensis [3][4][5][6] and identified as a degradation product of various natural depsides [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin B2-sensitized degradation of the multifunctional drug Evernyl, in the presence of visible light – microbiological implications

Gambetta

Massad

Nesci

et al. 2015

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Taking into consideration the importance of the photooxidative effects in complex bioenvironments, this paper reports on the visible-light-promoted interactions between Evernyl (methyl 2, 4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate, Ev) and vitamin B2 (riboflavin, Rf). Ev is a phenolic derivative, transparent to visible light, that possesses important antimicrobial activity. This compound is the first known natural, complete and specific human androgen receptor antagonist. Ev is profusely employed in personal-care products and synthesized as a secondary metabolite by several lichen and plant species. In both sceneries, acting Ev as a cosmetic component for topic applications or as a lichen constituent, may Rf behave as a native visible-light absorber pigment. In this context, kinetic and mechanistic aspects of the Rf-sensitized photooxidation of Ev, has been studied in aqueous solution, irradiating with blue LED light (463-471 nm) and employing stationary and time resolved methods. Results indicate that Ev reacts with the photogenerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) singlet molecular oxygen with a rate constant of k r = 1.1 ± 0.2 × 10 6 M −1 s −1 . In parallel Ev also quenches the electronically excited singlet and triplet excited states of Rf with rate constants close to the difussion limit. As a result the ROS superoxide radical anion and hydrogen peroxide are generated and the latter subsequently reacts with Ev. Possible implications of these photoreactions on the antimicrobial activity of Ev have been investigated employing a Candida albicans (CA) strain, isolated from human skin infection. The simultaneous presence of Rf, Ev in a sub-MIC, and blue-light irradiation produced a significant antimycotic effect, attributed to ROS photogeneration.

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“…Photosensitizers can also be endogenous, such as riboflavin (vitamin B12) [50,51] and protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) [52,53] . The 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and its derivatives (such as MAL) can be administered as a pre-drug, converting to PpIX inside cells [54,55] .…”

Section: Photodynamic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Photodynamic Therapy Review and the Brazilian Experience

et al. 2016

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a simple and promising technique indicated for the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer. Although multicenter research trials have proved its success, PDT is not as much disseminated as surgery andcryotherapy approaches are. A light-activated substance (a photosensitizer) is usually topically administered. By irradiating the sensitized region with specific wavelengths and appropriated light dose, reactive oxygen species take place, which oxidize molecules and destroy tumor cells. This review article presents not only the base principles of PDT, but also a unique experience Brazil-wide, which reached other countries in Latin America. This initiative was funded by the Brazilian government via the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES), involving private companies and academia in a validation study of the treatment of both pre-malignant and malignant skin cancer lesions.PDT protocol evolution is presented, including details that made the technique highly efficient and placed this experiencein a larger context.

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Riboflavin as a photosensitizer. Effects on human health and food quality

Cited by 244 publications

References 81 publications

Media photo‐degradation in pharmaceutical biotechnology – impact of ambient light on media quality, cell physiology, and IgG production in CHO cultures

Media photo‐degradation in pharmaceutical biotechnology – impact of ambient light on media quality, cell physiology, and IgG production in CHO cultures

Vitamin B2-sensitized degradation of the multifunctional drug Evernyl, in the presence of visible light – microbiological implications

Clinical Photodynamic Therapy Review and the Brazilian Experience

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