Rib fracture in <i>Prognathodon saturator</i> (Mosasauridae, Late Cretaceous)

Schulp, Anne S.; Walenkamp, G. H. I. M.; Hofman, P. A. M.; Rothschild, Bruce M.; Jagt, John W.M.

doi:10.1017/s0016774600020345

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…An infectious process can be started after a bone fracture and consequently the original shape of the bone can be strongly altered under the callus as seen in the right metacarpal V of the holotype of S. maxhechti. In addition, Schulp et al (2004) also describe the development of pus drains, similar to the lesions observed in the metacarpal studied here. Nevertheless, sequestrum, a diagnostic characteristic of infection, is absent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

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Pathological features and insect boring marks in a crocodyliform from the Bauru Basin, Cretaceous of Brazil

Cabral

Riff

Kellner

et al. 2011

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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The type specimen of Stratiotosuchus maxhechti (DGM 1477‐R), a baurusuchid mesoeucrocodylian from the Bauru Basin (Upper Cretaceous of Brazil) displays some abnormalities that are here described. The holotype was examined macroscopically and compared with other skeletal elements of S. maxhechti and Baurusuchus salgadoensis (UFRJ DG 288‐R). After this analysis, the elements with signs of alterations were subjected to a computed tomography (CT) scan exam which gave more information about them. The medial and proximal thirds of the right metacarpal V show an extensive bone growth, which modified the normal form of this element. The left metatarsals I and II exhibit an abnormal bone callus covering part of the medial third of the distal end. Based on their morphology these features are regarded as the result of two injuries of distinct natures. In the right metacarpal V, the presence of a large bone callus and a fracture, with two possible causes: post‐traumatic infection or tumour. In the metatarsal I and II a case of stress fracture with a marked bone callus. Additionally, insect boring marks in the left ulna and right and left tibia of the same specimen were observed, which could be confused with pathologies. These bone changes may provide additional clues about the palaeoenvironment, such as habitat conditions, in which the specimen studied here lived. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 163, S140–S151.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Some forms of infection and tumour affect the underlying bone structure in addition to forming a callus (Schulp et al ., 2004). An infectious process can be started after a bone fracture and consequently the original shape of the bone can be strongly altered under the callus as seen in the right metacarpal V of the holotype of S. maxhechti .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological features and insect boring marks in a crocodyliform from the Bauru Basin, Cretaceous of Brazil

Cabral

Riff

Kellner

et al. 2011

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…Bone pathologies in Mesozoic marine reptiles are rarely documented. Infections and injuries were described in ichthyosaurs (Pardo‐Pérez et al, 2018, 2020; Pardo‐Pérez et al, 2022; B. M. Rothschild et al, 2012) and mosasaurs (Bastiaans et al, 2020; Schulp et al, 2004, 2006). The pathological record within sauropterygians is limited to decompression syndrome‐related bone alterations (B. M. Rothschild et al, 2012; B. M. Rothschild & Storrs, 2003; Surmik et al, 2017), infections (Surmik et al, 2017, 2018), and trauma (Q. Liu et al, 2021; B. Rothschild et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone abnormalities in the middle Anisian marine sauropsids from Winterswijk

Surmik

Szczygielski

Słowiak-Morkovina

et al. 2022

Journal of Morphology

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While the occurrence of skeletal pathologies in Middle Triassic marine reptiles has been poorly documented until now, massive accumulations of bone remains from the Germanic Basin provide the opportunities for documentation. Herein, we describe skeletal abnormalities in the Middle Triassic bone material from the Vossenveld Formation of Winterswijk, the Netherlands. The aim of the study is to distinguish in the studied bones pathologies resulting from malady or trauma and taphonomic alterations. Furthermore, an attempt was made to assess on how the pathologies also represent paleoecological data. Our survey led to the identification of one broken and healed bone, one case of abnormal coossification, and one case of posttraumatic fibro-osseous dysplasia. While the latter two pathologies give little insight into the ecology and function of the affected animals, the fractured dentary is attributed to Nothosaurus marchicus, a common sauropterygian macropredator. It proves that the individual survived long enough to heal, despite the injury hampering its hunting potential. One abnormally shaped humerus is interpreted as postmortem taphonomic deformation, emphasizing the necessity of utilization of detailed diagnostics to distinguish actual paleopathologies from nonbiological distortion.

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