Rhythmic Midtemporal Discharge in a Youth During Light Sleep

Beiske, Kornelia Katalin; Kostov, Konstantin Hrisimirov; Kostov, Hrisimir

doi:10.1080/21646821.2015.1119579

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Sometimes, these arches are flat topped ( Chatrian et al, 1974 , Gibbs and Gibbs, 1941 , Lipman and Hughes, 1969 ). The runs of theta activity can last from mere seconds to several minutes ( Beiske et al, 2016 ). As other normal rhythms, this one is also clearly monomorphic, monorhythmic, and there is no evolution ( da Silva, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG normal variants: A prospective study using the SCORE system

Wüstenhagen

Terney

Gardella

et al. 2022

Clinical Neurophysiology Practice

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG normal variants: A prospective study using the SCORE system

Wüstenhagen

Terney

Gardella

et al. 2022

Clinical Neurophysiology Practice

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“…Because of its rhythmicity and location, it may be mistaken for an ictal pattern, 164 especially temporal, hence the prior name psychomotor variant . RMTD is monorhythmic, monomorphic and does not evolve, which help differentiate it from seizures.…”

Section: Normal Variants or Variants Of Uncertain Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…119,161,162 The source of RMTD is located in the fissure of the inferior temporal region based on MEG and EEG recordings. 163 Because of its rhythmicity and location, it may be mistaken for an ictal pattern, 164 prior name variant. is monorhythmic, monomorphic and not help ate it from seizures.…”

Section: Rhythmic Midtemporal Theta (Bursts) Of Drowsiness (Rmtd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal variants and artifacts: Importance in EEG interpretation

Amin

Nascimento

Karakis

et al. 2023

Epileptic Disorders

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Overinterpretation of EEG is an important contributor to the misdiagnosis of epilepsy. For the EEG to have a high diagnostic value and high specificity, it is critical to recognize waveforms that can be mistaken for abnormal patterns. This article describes artifacts, normal rhythms, and normal patterns that are prone to being misinterpreted as abnormal. Artifacts are potentials generated outside the brain. They are divided into physiologic and extraphysiologic. Physiologic artifacts arise from the body and include EMG, eyes, various movements, EKG, pulse, and sweat. Some physiologic artifacts can be useful for interpretation such as EMG and eye movements. Extraphysiologic artifacts arise from outside the body, and in turn can be divided into the environments (electrodes, equipment, and cellphones) and devices within the body (pacemakers and neurostimulators). Normal rhythms can be divided into awake patterns (alpha rhythm and its variants, mu rhythm, lambda waves, posterior slow waves of youth, HV‐induced slowing, photic driving, and photomyogenic response) and sleep patterns (POSTS, vertex waves, spindles, K complexes, sleep‐related hypersynchrony, and frontal arousal rhythm). Breach can affect both awake and sleep rhythms. Normal variants or variants of uncertain clinical significance include variants that may have been considered abnormal in the early days of EEG but are now considered normal. These include wicket spikes and wicket rhythms (the most common normal pattern overread as epileptiform), small sharp spikes (aka benign epileptiform transients of sleep), rhythmic midtemporal theta of drowsiness (aka psychomotor variant), Cigánek rhythm (aka midline theta), 6 Hz phantom spike–wave, 14 and 6 Hz positive spikes, subclinical rhythmic epileptiform discharges of adults (SREDA), slow‐fused transients, occipital spikes of blindness, and temporal slowing of the elderly. Correctly identifying artifacts and normal patterns can help avoid overinterpretation and misdiagnosis. This is an educational review paper addressing a learning objective of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) curriculum.

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