Rhythm in the Speech and Music of Jazz and Riddim Musicians

Abstract

Previous research has demonstrated similarities in the rhythmic characteristics of the speech and instrumental music within individual languages, such as French or English, but clear differences in these rhythmic patterns between languages. A recent finding has shown a comparable result for the rhythmic patterns of the spontaneous speech and instrumental music of musicians who speak different dialects of English, such that within-dialect speech and music rhythms are more similar to one another than are across-dialect rhythms. We extend the latter finding by comparing the rhythmic characteristics of the spontaneous speech and jazz productions of jazz musicians who speak American English with those of the spontaneous speech and riddim productions of Jamaican musicians, who speak Jamaican English. We found that the speech and music rhythmic patterns were similar within each dialect but different across dialects. Though scholars have suggested a link between speech prosody and jazz in the past, this is the first study known to us to demonstrate a link between the rhythmic properties of the speech and music of jazz musicians.

Singing as a figure of speech, music as punctuation

“…According to Gilbers, it is likely that people tend to use highly similar ways to handle these constraints in their language and their music. Indeed, several studies show, for example, small but striking similarities between the musical rhythm of instrumental compositions and speech rhythm in the composer's language (or the language associated with the obtained musical style, e.g., Carpenter & Levitt, 2016;Daniele & Patel, 2016;Hanson, 2017;Jekiel, 2014;McGowan & Levitt, 2011;Patel & Daniele, 2003, and others, but see Temperley, 2017 for conflicting evidence). Most researchers have measured these similarities by the normalized pairwise viability index (nPVI, Grabe & Low, 2002), i.e., the average difference between the duration of adjacent events in a sequel, although some authors use other tools Temperley & Temperley, 2011).…”