Rhomboid flap: Indications, applications, techniques and results. A comprehensive review

Kang, Ajaipal S.; Kang, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102544

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…They take advantage of skin laxity adjacent to the defect allowing transposition of tissue with similar characteristics to the tissue excised. 10 The flap is quickly and easily designed, does not require any special instruments, and provides excellent contour, texture, thickness, color match, long-term good cosmesis and function, and high patient satisfaction, 11 as it was experienced by the two patients in our small case series. We recommend its use as the preferred method for reconstructionof adipocutaneous defects of the perineum <2.5 × 4.0 cm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Occasionally, multiple intercalated flaps are used for competent urethral and anal meati. 11 Scarring at the donor site is limited and acceptable. The nerve supply (posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh, pudendal nerve) guarantees acceptable sensation at the reconstruction area, 12,13 as has been observed with the five patients reported here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstruction of small and moderate defects of the perineum

Ioannidis¹

2022

HJOG

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Introduction: Resection of benign, premalignant or malignant lesions of the perineum result in tissue defects, which are preferably reconstructed with a flap rather than closed primarily or covered with a skin graft. Numerous skin flaps have been utilized with varying success rates. Patients and Methods: The charts of all female patients with perineal defects operated by the author during the past five years were retrospectively reviewed. Two flaps were used: a modified Limberg (rhomboid rotation) flap for small defects and a bilateral medial thigh V-Y advancement flap for moderate defects. Results: Seven patients were found. Two patients were operated because of benign pathology and five because of a pre- or malignant lesion. Two small and five moderate defects resulted after the resection. All flaps survived and there were no major complications. All patients had sensation on the flap postoperatively and were pleased with the functional and aesthetic result. Conclusion: Small perineal defects are satisfactorily restored with a rotation rhomboid flap, whereas moderate sized defects are best reconstructed with bilateral medial thigh V-Y flaps.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of small and moderate defects of the perineum

Ioannidis¹

2022

HJOG

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“…When possible, the surgical approach is the treatment of choice 4 , 19 . Whereas a 4 mm margin of excision is acceptable in excision of BCC 26 , complete excision of aggressive and large BCC requires margins of 13 mm or more 4 . Lymphadenectomy may be considered in cases of lymphatic spread 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super giant basal cell carcinoma: a comprehensive systematic review

Kang,

Kathuria

2024

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Super giant basal cell carcinoma (SGBCC), defined as greater than 20 cm in diameter, is a rare oncological entity, with scarce literature. We conducted a review to characterize SGBCC, specifically with regards to age, sex predilection, risk factors, geographical location, body site, metastasis, and treatment. A systematic literature search was conducted from 1972 to 2023. All abstracts, studies, and citations were reviewed. The initial result showed 47,281 articles and were filtered down for human, skin, English language, and SGBCC. We identified 20 case reports for our analysis. The sample size was too small to conduct extensive statistical analysis. Majority of the cases were reported in North America and Europe. Males outnumbered almost females 2:1. The mean age was 61 years. The lesion was located on trunk in 16 out of 20 cases. In 13 out of 20 years, the lesion had been present for more than 10 years and 7 out of 20 cases reported metastasis. Several reports documented low socioeconomic status and poor mental health. Regarding treatment, 11 patients underwent surgery, radiation was utilized in 6 patients and immunotherapy (Vismodegib) in 4 patients. Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is known to have a favorable prognosis, SGBCC is highly aggressive with ability to metastasize. Our review reveals SGBCC is commonly diagnosed in males in their sixth decade, present for more than 10 years duration, risk factors include low socioeconomic status and poor mental health, commonly found on the trunk with a predilection for metastasis. We believe self-neglect is the likely etiology of the large size. Treatment options may be multimodal with a combination of surgery, radiation therapy or immunotherapy (Vismodegib).

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“…Several techniques have been described over the years to reconstruct this type of defects; one of the most commonly used is Limberg flap. This flap is a viable option in most cases, 1 but it has some drawbacks such as rotation is limited in some areas such as the scalp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triple Dufourmentel hexagonal flap for scalp reconstruction

Moreno-Casas

Pereira-González

Rodríguez-Nevado

et al. 2023

Experimental Dermatology

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How to close scalp defects is one of the challenges a surgeon often faces in his daily clinical practice. Transposition flaps are some of the most commonly used flaps in this location.In cases where large surgical defects need to be closed, we may have to use a combination of several flaps because the scalp has limited mobility.The combination of three Dufourmentel flaps to close defects of hexagonal morphology is a useful option in the scalp but could also be applied in other anatomical areas. | E XPERIMENTAL DE S IG N AND RE SULTSA 70-year-old male patient was presented with a 2.5 × 2.5 cm vertex squamous cell carcinoma. Hexagonal flap was designed by drawing a hexagon around the lesion and three Dufourmentel flaps as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2A.After designing the flap in the patient (Figure 2A), the tumour and the perilesional area was infiltrated with tumescent local anaesthesia. This anaesthetic solution is obtained by mixing 20 mL of mepivacaine 2%, 20 mL of physiological saline 0.9% and 0.1 mL of adrenaline 1%. The use of tumescent anaesthesia with vasoconstrictor favours

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Rhomboid flap: Indications, applications, techniques and results. A comprehensive review

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Reconstruction of small and moderate defects of the perineum

Reconstruction of small and moderate defects of the perineum

Super giant basal cell carcinoma: a comprehensive systematic review

Triple Dufourmentel hexagonal flap for scalp reconstruction

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