RhoGTPases, actomyosin signaling and regulation of the Epithelial Apical Junctional Complex

Quirós, Miguel; Nusrat, Asma

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.09.003

Cited by 97 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…(Quiros and Nusrat, 2014; Ratheesh and Yap, 2012) (Figure 1). E-cadherin forms both small spot-like clusters along the lateral membrane as well as an apical belt-like structure, the “zonula adherens” (ZA), which is located just basal to the TJ.…”

Section: Linkage Of Core Tj and Aj Proteins To The Actomyosin Cytoskementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A role for Rho GTPases in regulating cell-cell junctions was first established by studies showing that manipulating GTPase function with constitutively active or dominant negative Rho GTPases or with inhibitors disrupted junctional integrity (Citi et al, 2014; Quiros and Nusrat, 2014; Ratheesh et al, 2013). These studies demonstrated that Rho GTPases are important regulators of both the AJ (Braga et al, 2000; Braga et al, 1999; Braga et al, 1997; Takaishi et al, 1997) as well as the TJ (Jou et al, 1998; Nusrat et al, 1995).…”

Section: Rho Family Gtpases Are Critical Regulators Of Cell-cell Juncmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rho GTPases and actomyosin: Partners in regulating epithelial cell-cell junction structure and function

Arnold

Stephenson

Miller

2017

Experimental Cell Research

121

118

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Epithelial tissues are defined by polarized epithelial cells that are integrated into tissues and exhibit barrier function in order to regulate what is allowed to pass between cells. Cell-cell junctions must be stable enough to promote barrier function and tissue integrity, yet plastic enough to remodel when necessary. This remarkable ability to dynamically sense and respond to changes in cell shape and tissue tension allows cell-cell junctions to remain functional during events that disrupt epithelial homeostasis including morphogenesis, wound healing, and cell division. In order to achieve this plasticity, both tight junctions and adherens junctions are coupled to the underlying actomyosin cytoskeleton. Here, we discuss the importance of the junctional linkage to actomyosin and how a localized zone of active RhoA along with other Rho GTPases work together to orchestrate junctional actomyosin dynamics. We focus on how scaffold proteins help coordinate Rho GTPases, their upstream regulators, and their downstream effectors for efficient, localized Rho GTPase signaling output. Additionally, we highlight important roles junctional actin-binding proteins play in addition to their traditional roles in organizing actin. Together, Rho GTPases, their regulators, and effectors form compartmentalized signaling modules that regulate actomyosin structure and contractility to achieve proper cell-cell adhesion and tissue barriers.

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Section: Linkage Of Core Tj and Aj Proteins To The Actomyosin Cytoskementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rho Family Gtpases Are Critical Regulators Of Cell-cell Juncmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rho GTPases and actomyosin: Partners in regulating epithelial cell-cell junction structure and function

Arnold

Stephenson

Miller

2017

Experimental Cell Research

121

118

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“…Among them, signaling pathways of Rho family have been reported to exert a variety of effect on cellular structure and function9. Studies have shown that RhoA/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase-1 (ROCK-1), a major downstream effector of RhoA, is involved in I/R injury and, particularly, has a regulatory effect on energy metabolism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Rb1 protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury via energy metabolism regulation mediated by RhoA signaling pathway

Cui

Pan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a challenge for clinicians. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has been reported to have the ability to attenuate I/R injury, but its effect on energy metabolism during cardiac I/R and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In this study, we detected the effect of Rb1 on rat myocardial blood flow, myocardial infarct size, cardiac function, velocity of venule red blood cell, myocardial structure and apoptosis, energy metabolism and change in RhoA signaling pathway during cardiac I/R injury. In addition, the binding affinity of RhoA to Rb1 was detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Results showed that Rb1 treatment at 5 mg/kg/h protected all the cardiac injuries induced by I/R, including damaged myocardial structure, decrease in myocardial blood flow, impaired heart function and microcirculation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardial infarction and release of myocardial cTnI. Rb1 also inhibited the activation of RhoA signaling pathway and restored the production of ATP during cardiac I/R. Moreover, SPR assay showed that Rb1 was able to bind to RhoA in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that Rb1 may prevent I/R-induced cardiac injury by regulation of RhoA signaling pathway, and may serve as a potential regime to improve percutaneous coronary intervention outcome.

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“…It is localized to the apical half of the lateral membrane of the epithelial cell and is composed of tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs). While AJs (and, to some extent, desmosomes) are considered to maintain a mechanical linkage between adjacent cells, TJs are instead responsible for sealing the intercellular space to a variety of particles, thereby regulating selective paracellular solute transport [19] ( fig. 2 a).…”

Section: Paracellular Epithelial Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological Role of TNF in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: TNF and Its Impact on Barrier Function

Schümann¹,

Kühnel²

2015

Frontiers of Gastrointestinal Research

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The mucosal barrier needs to maintain a discrete balance between the absorption of nutrients and antigens to educate the immune system on the one hand and the restriction of massive antigenic or microbial transfer from the luminal intestinal compartment on the other hand. It is a complex system composed of very morphologically disparate components, including (i) the mucus layer, (ii) antimicrobial peptides, (iii) a paracellular epithelial cell barrier, and (iv) a transcellular epithelial cell barrier, which synergize to perform a barrier function. The proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α is involved in the integrity of each of these components. This review focuses on the physiology of these components and sheds light on their relevance to TNF-associated inflammation.

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RhoGTPases, actomyosin signaling and regulation of the Epithelial Apical Junctional Complex

Cited by 97 publications

References 118 publications

Rho GTPases and actomyosin: Partners in regulating epithelial cell-cell junction structure and function

Rho GTPases and actomyosin: Partners in regulating epithelial cell-cell junction structure and function

Ginsenoside Rb1 protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury via energy metabolism regulation mediated by RhoA signaling pathway

Pathophysiological Role of TNF in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: TNF and Its Impact on Barrier Function

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