Rhodococcus equi infection

Yamshchikov, Alexandra; Schuetz, Audrey N.; Lyon, G. Marshall

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(10)70068-2

Cited by 173 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…However, the immunostain panel that we performed ruled out these entities. When the pseudotumor was cultured, it grew Rhodococcus equi, an opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised hosts [2]. In HIV-infected patients, R. equi infection usually presents as cavitary pneumonia with hilar lymphadenopathy [3], but in the case of our patient, it uncharacteristically produced an intraluminal mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Pseudotumor of the Tracheal-Laryngeal Junction with Unusual Morphologic Features Caused by Rhodococcus equi Infection

Akilesh

Cross

Kimmelshue

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

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Infectious pseudotumors are unusual proliferations of histiocytes in response to certain microbial organisms. Occasionally this process may involve large airways, producing a mass lesion that may cause respiratory obstruction. Infectious pseudotumors can be confused with malignancy in their radiologic appearance and clinical presentation. We present a case of an aggressive endotracheal pseudotumor associated with Rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with advanced HIV disease. Microscopically, the lesion was composed of sheets of epithelioid histiocytes with large, strongly eosinophilic intra-cytoplasmic granules and features of malakoplakia. In this report, we review the literature of these unusual lesions and compare them to cases of conventional malakoplakia involving the large airways. We also explore the pathogenetic mechanisms that may contribute to the distinctive histologic appearance of Rhodococcus-associated pseudotumors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Pseudotumor of the Tracheal-Laryngeal Junction with Unusual Morphologic Features Caused by Rhodococcus equi Infection

Akilesh

Cross

Kimmelshue

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

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“…We were also unable to specify the source of the infection, because he was not exposed to farming environments, to which the patients with R. equi infection were often exposed (13). Recently, it was reported that R. corynebacterioides was recovered from the mouth of healthy volunteers (9).…”

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confidence: 98%

“…The morphology can range from coccoid to bacillary depending on species and specimen type. Colonies are salmonpink to red colored and teardrop shaped or coalescent mucoid (3,5,13). There are 34 named species in the genus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, R. equi infection in immunocompromised patients has been reported (5). So far, 30 cases of R. equi infection in transplant patients have been described, and the clinical diagnosis in 24 of these 30 cases was pneumonia or a lung abscess (13). Besides R. equi infection, a case with Rhodococcus erythropolis causing bloodstream infection (2) and Rhodococcus rhodochrous infection causing a corneal ulcer have been reported (3,8).…”

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confidence: 99%

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First Report of Sepsis Caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

et al. 2012

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We report a case of sepsis caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides, identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, in a myelodysplastic syndrome patient who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This is the first report of R. corynebacterioides infection in a human. CASE REPORTA 64-year-old man was hospitalized because of a high fever. Three years earlier, he was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome and underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Since that time, he had been taking low-dose prednisolone to control chronic graft-versus-host disease. One year posttransplant, he experienced a cerebral hemorrhage, which caused left hemiplegia. Due to repeated aspiration pneumonia, a central venous catheter and port system were implanted in his chest wall to administer antibiotics and for nutritional support. The cause of the high fever at presentation was diagnosed as a bloodstream infection caused by Candida albicans. Removal of the catheter system and administration of micafungin resulted in the patient's recovery; the elevated serum ␤-D-glucan level returned to below the detectable limit.Two weeks later, the patient again developed a fever (39.7°C). His white blood cell count was 2.1 ϫ 10 9 cells/liter, and his C-reactive protein (CRP) level was 159 mg/liter. Blood cultures were collected, and empirical treatment with cefepime (1 g twice daily) was initiated. After 3 days of incubation, Gram-positive rods were detected in the blood cultures, which were unidentifiable by routine microbiological examinations. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in his sputum, but this bacterium was not thought to be the causative agent of his sepsis, because he showed no findings suggestive of pneumonia and because the bacterium had been repeatedly detected before. Following the initiation of antibiotic treatment with cefepime, the patient became afebrile, his CRP level decreased to 47 mg/liter, and repeated blood cultures were negative. However, 18 days later, the high fever (39.2°C) recurred, and CRP level was again elevated to 106 mg/ liter. Blood cultures again showed Gram-positive rods. Treatment was changed to cefozopran (2 g twice daily). However, his condition deteriorated, and he died 9 days later.Microbiological data. The blood cultures were positive for Gram-positive rods in aerobic bottles of the Bactec 9240 system (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ) twice, as described above, after 52 h and 88 h of incubation, respectively. Gram staining of the specimens revealed long and slightly bent Gram-positive rods in pairs, V forms, and palisade arrangements (Fig. 1A). The specimens from the bottles were plated onto Trypticase soy agar II with 5% sheep blood (BD) and incubated at 35°C in air supplemented with 5% CO 2 . After 72 h, odorless, orange-colored, smooth, and nonhemolytic colonies, 4 mm in diameter, were observed (Fig. 1B). The colonies were positive for the catalase test and negative for the oxidase test. The RapID CB Plus system (Remel Inc., Lenexa) was used for identification. The isolates wer...

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“…A publikációk két-három antibiotikum kombinált adását javasolják, mert fennáll a veszélye a rezisztencia kialakulásának [10]. Elsőként vá-lasztandó antibiotikumok közé tartozik az erithromycin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, imipenem vagy aminoglikozidok.…”

Section: Megbeszélésunclassified

Rhodococcus equi által okozott nagyízületi endoprotézis körül kialakult fertőzés

Sallai

Péterfy

Sanatkhani³

et al. 2017

Orvosi Hetilap

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A Rhodococcus equi ritka patogén, amely főként gyengült immunrendszerű vagy immunszupprimált betegekben okoz fertőzést. Esetbemutatásunkban Rhodococcus equi által okozott nagyízületi endoprotézis körül kialakult fertőzést mutatunk be, amelynek leírására még nem volt példa a nemzetközi irodalomban. A 88 éves férfi beteget láz és jobb oldali csípőfájdalom miatt vettük fel klinikánkra. A beteg anamnézisében több, mindkét oldalt érintő csípőműtét szerepelt, és a jobb oldalon aszeptikus lazulás miatt korábban revíziós arthroplastica is történt. Ismert betegségei között szerepelt cukorbetegség, diabeteses nephropathia, valamint korábbi stroke miatt bal oldali hemiplegia, azonban kifejezett immunszuppresszió nem. A képalkotó vizsgálatok a jobb oldali csípőprotézis komponenseit stabilnak mutatták, az ízületi punkcióból pedig Rhodococcus equi tenyészett ki. A betegnek azonnali feltárást és a protézis kö-rüli terület tisztítását javasoltuk, amit visszautasított. Konzervatív kezelést, parenteralis antibiotikum-terápiát kezdtünk. A beteg gyulladásos paraméterei csökkentek, fájdalma megszűnt. Esettanulmányunk célja, hogy a nagyízületi protézisek szeptikus komplikációi kapcsán felhívjuk a figyelmet a ritka patogének növekvő szerepére. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(27): 1071-1074. Kulcsszavak: Rhodococcus equi, periprotetikus fertőzés, ritka kórokozó Periprosthetic joint infection caused by Rhodococcus equi Case reportRhodococcus equi is a rare pathogen in humans causing infections mostly in immunocompromised hosts. We present the first case of periprosthetic joint infection caused by Rhodococcus equi. An 88-year-old male patient was referred to our clinic with a history of fever and right hip pain. The patient had multiple hip surgeries including total joint arthroplasty and revision for aseptic loosening on the right side. He was immunocompetent, but his additional medical history was remarkable for diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy and stroke with hemiplegia resulting in immobilization. Radiography showed stable components, joint aspirate yielded Rhodococcus equi. Irrigation and debridement was proposed, but the patient refused any surgical intervention. Therefore antibiotic therapy was administered. At the last follow-up the patient is free of complaints but the C-reactive protein level is still elevated. This case illustrates the possible role of Rhodococcus equi in medical device-associated infections.

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Rhodococcus equi infection

Cited by 173 publications

References 61 publications

Pseudotumor of the Tracheal-Laryngeal Junction with Unusual Morphologic Features Caused by Rhodococcus equi Infection

Pseudotumor of the Tracheal-Laryngeal Junction with Unusual Morphologic Features Caused by Rhodococcus equi Infection

First Report of Sepsis Caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Rhodococcus equi által okozott nagyízületi endoprotézis körül kialakult fertőzés

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