Rheotaxis In Uronychia Setigera (Ciliata, Hypotrichida)

Ricci, Nicola; Cionini, Ketty; Banchetti, Rosalba; Erra, Fabrizio

doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1999.tb05124.x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The regime of hydrodynamic disturbance correlates with the community structure of interstitial ciliates in sand (Lucchesi and Santangelo 1997). Near-bottom flow also affects the crawling, swimming, and dispersal of some epibenthic, hypotrich ciliates (Jonsson and Johansson 1997;Ricci et al 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Influences of benthic boundary‐layer flow on feeding rates of ciliates and flagellates at the sediment‐water interface

Shimeta

Starczak

Ashiru

et al. 2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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Heterotrophic protists are integral to sedimentary food webs, but influences on their activities are poorly understood, especially the role of benthic boundary-layer flow. Effects of flow on ingestion rates were measured for bacterivorous protists at the sediment surface in a flume. Results from four common, benthic suspension-feeding ciliates were species specific. Mean clearance rates of the scuticociliates Cohnilembus sp. and Paranophrys magna and the hypotrich Euplotes minuta increased by factors of two to three as friction velocity (u*) increased from 0 to 1.0 cm s Ϫ1. Above u* ϭ 1.0 cm s Ϫ1 , clearance rates of Cohnilembus sp. and P. magna were constant, whereas the clearance rate of E. minuta was reduced by 40% at u* ϭ 1.5 cm s Ϫ1 . E. minuta thus revealed an optimal flow regime for feeding. In contrast, the mean clearance rate of the scuticociliate, Cyclidium sp., was unrelated to u*. In experiments with sediment cores from a subtidal, silty sand site, the mean clearance rate of the bacterivorous ciliate community of the sediment-water interface increased by a factor of five between u* ϭ 0 and 0.9 cm s Ϫ1. The effects of flow were likely due to enhanced advection of prey to the ciliates. In contrast, the clearance rate of the nanoflagellate community in sediment cores was unrelated to u*. Tidal currents at the field site were estimated to increase the ciliate community's daily integrated feeding by a factor of 3.2 compared to still water. Epibenthic ciliates create a dynamic link between planktonic and benthic food webs, mediated strongly by benthic boundary-layer flow.Heterotrophic protists play important roles in marine sedimentary food webs as consumers, facilitators of organicmatter decomposition, and as links to higher trophic levels (Fenchel 1987;Patterson et al. 1989; Epstein 1997a,b). An understanding of the factors that influence feeding rates, growth rates, and trophic interactions of benthic heterotrophic protists, however, is at an early stage of development, especially when compared to knowledge of planktonic protistan ecology (Fenchel 1987;Caron and Finlay 1994). Some of the clearest influences on distributions and activities of 1 Previously Cheryl Ann Butman. Present address: Department of Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1606. AcknowledgmentsWe thank N. Trowbridge, J. Sisson, and M. Gould for help in the field and/or lab; the director of the Rinehart Coastal Research Center (WHOI) for use of facilities; W. McGillis and J. S. Fries for assisting with particle-imaging velocimetry; J. Grant for advice on calibrating the hot film; D. Caron for providing a culture of H. halodurans; and two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved the manuscript.

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confidence: 99%

Influences of benthic boundary‐layer flow on feeding rates of ciliates and flagellates at the sediment‐water interface

Shimeta

Starczak

Ashiru

et al. 2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Instances of rheotaxis have been recorded in a wide range of organisms, both at the level of single cells and large multicellular organisms. For example, rheotaxis has been observed for bacteria [5,6], protozoa [2,7] and mammalian sperm cells [4,8], where in the latter rheotaxis may play a guidance role that orients sperm towards the egg. Rheotaxis has been widely studied for fish [3,9,10,11,12,13,14,15], where it appears at scales ranging from larval zebrafish [13,15] to whale sharks [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of rheotaxis and flow on the aggregation of organisms

Painter

2021

Preprint

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Dispersed populations often need to organise into groups. Chemical attractants provide one means of directing individuals into an aggregate, but whether these structures emerge can depend on various factors, such as there being a sufficiently large population or the response to the attractant being sufficiently sensitive. In an aquatic environment, fluid flow may heavily impact on population distribution and many aquatic organisms adopt a rheotaxis response when exposed to a current, orienting and swimming according to the flow field. Consequently, flow-induced transport could be substantially different for the population members and any aggregating signal they secrete. With the aim of investigating how flows and rheotaxis responses impact on an aquatic population's ability to form and maintain an aggregated profile, we develop and analyse a mathematical model that incorporates these factors. Through a systematic analysis into the effect of introducing rheotactic behaviour under various forms of environmental flow, we demonstrate that each of flow and rheotaxis can act beneficially or detrimentally on the ability to form and maintain a cluster. Synthesising these findings, we test a hypothesis that density-dependent rheotaxis may be optimal for group formation and maintenance, in which individuals increase their rheotactic effort as they approach an aggregated state.

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“…Instances of rheotaxis have been recorded in a wide range of organisms, both at the level of single cells and large multicellular organisms. For example, rheotaxis has been observed for bacteria [5,6], protozoa [2,7] and mammalian sperm cells [4,8], where in the latter rheotaxis may play a guidance role that orients sperm towards the egg. Rheotaxis has been widely studied for fish [3,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15], where it appears at scales ranging from larval zebrafish [13,15] to whale sharks [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of rheotaxis and flow on the aggregation of organisms

Painter

2021

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Dispersed populations often need to organize into groups. Chemical attractants provide one means of directing individuals into an aggregate, but whether these structures emerge can depend on various factors, such as there being a sufficiently large population or the response to the attractant being sufficiently sensitive. In an aquatic environment, fluid flow may heavily impact on population distribution and many aquatic organisms adopt a rheotaxis response when exposed to a current, orienting and swimming according to the flow field. Consequently, flow-induced transport could be substantially different for the population members and any aggregating signal they secrete. With the aim of investigating how flows and rheotaxis responses impact on an aquatic population’s ability to form and maintain an aggregated profile, we develop and analyse a mathematical model that incorporates these factors. Through a systematic analysis into the effect of introducing rheotactic behaviour under various forms of environmental flow, we demonstrate that each of flow and rheotaxis can act beneficially or detrimentally on the ability to form and maintain a cluster. Synthesizing these findings, we test a hypothesis that density-dependent rheotaxis may be optimal for group formation and maintenance, in which individuals increase their rheotactic effort as they approach an aggregated state.

show abstract

Rheotaxis In Uronychia Setigera (Ciliata, Hypotrichida)

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Influences of benthic boundary‐layer flow on feeding rates of ciliates and flagellates at the sediment‐water interface

Influences of benthic boundary‐layer flow on feeding rates of ciliates and flagellates at the sediment‐water interface

The impact of rheotaxis and flow on the aggregation of organisms

The impact of rheotaxis and flow on the aggregation of organisms

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