Rheological properties of poly(acrylamide-co-sodium acrylate) and poly(acrylamide-co-sodium vinylsulfonate) solutions

Abstract

Poly(acrylamide-co-sodium acrylate) (PAM/AA-Na) and poly(acrylamide-co-sodium vinylsulfonate) (PAM/VSS-Na) were prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization. The effects of CaCl 2 on PAM/VSS-Na or PAM/VSS-Na aqueous solutions were investigated by steady-flow experiments at 25, 40, 55 and 70 ℃. The results show that the apparent viscosities of both solutions decrease with addition of CaCl 2 or increase of temperature and shear rates. PAM/VSS-Na solution has better performance on the salt tolerance, shear endurance and temperature resistance due to containing sulfonic group in the molecules. Ca 2+ concentration can affect the viscous activation energy of both solutions and the reason may be that these interactions between Ca 2+ and also copolymer molecules are related to temperature and competitive in solution. These results may offer the basic data for searching the flooding systems with the ability of temperature resistance, salt tolerance and shear endurance for tertiary oil recovery.

Synthesis and characterization of modified xanthan gum using poly(maleic anhydride/1-octadecene)

“…10. Viscous activation energy is related to the temperature dependence of viscosity, and the influence of temperature on the viscosity is positively correlated with the viscous activation energy [25]. PX samples exhibit lower viscous activation energy than XG, demonstrating that their apparent viscosity is even less sensitive to temperature.…”